The death of Jiang Wei and the bile heart syndrome

  Jiang Wei was a civil and military genius of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period, the successor of Zhuge Kongming, and the hope of protecting the country of Shu. However, his illness led to his death by suicide. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, 190th chapter, “Wei received orders, and was about to act, when he suddenly fell to the ground with a pain in his heart; he was helped up by his left and right, and he was half awake.” “Wei drew his sword to the hall, clashed with each other, unfortunately the heartache turned to increase.” Wei looked up to the sky and shouted, “My plan did not work, it is also the fate of God!” So he killed himself and died. “Wei soldiers fighting for revenge, a common cut Wei’s belly, his courage is as big as a chicken egg.” If the above description is true, then we can speculate that Jiang Wei’s condition: first, angina pectoris, second, gallbladder enlargement, mostly gallbladder inflammation or and gallbladder stones. Comprehensive assessment should be biliary heart syndrome. It can be seen that the critical moment, the gallbladder syndrome ruined a generation of talent.  The bile heart syndrome: is a biliary system diseases (cholecystitis, gallstones), and through the nerve reflexes caused by the contraction of the coronary arteries, resulting in insufficient coronary blood supply (oxygen supply – oxygen demand imbalance), thus causing angina, irregular heart rate, and even myocardial infarction and other symptoms of the clinical syndrome.  Mechanism of occurrence 1. The heart and gallbladder are innervated by the same vegetative nerve, and they cross at the thoracic 4 and 5 spinal nerves. When the gallbladder is infected and the biliary resistance increases, it causes coronary artery contraction; 2. Gallstone disease and coronary artery disease are related to imbalance of lipid metabolism.  Clinical symptom characteristics 1, biliary disease first and then secondary cardiac symptoms; 2, biliary disease aggravated, cardiac symptoms also aggravated, biliary disease improved, cardiac symptoms also improved; 3, the precordial region with varying degrees of boredom or colic, each attack is longer, some can last for several hours, often palpitations, irregular heartbeat and electrocardiogram appear myocardial ischemic changes; 4, cardiac symptoms are mostly triggered by eating fatty food or emotional excitement. They are not easily relieved by using nitroglycerin or heart pills, but can be relieved by using atropine and dulcolax.  Treatment of biliary heart syndrome 1. The treatment of biliary heart syndrome is to first treat the biliary disease, control the inflammation of the biliary system, remove the factors that induce inflammation, and consider surgery for patients with recurrent inflammation or gallstones; 2. If only the heart condition is treated, it is easy to put the cart before the horse, and the original disease is not treated, delaying the treatment time. Therefore, patients with biliary heart syndrome should undergo early and timely treatment for biliary diseases to avoid irreversible organic lesions in the heart due to long-term damage; 3. Only surgical treatment for biliary heart syndrome can improve the secondary heart damage. Surgery should be actively considered for those whose systemic condition allows it, but it is not advisable to operate during the attack period. Cardiac symptoms and myocardial ischemia are obvious, and treatment such as coronary expansion and myocardial nutrition should be actively carried out to improve the tolerance of the heart to surgery, and general anesthesia is used for surgery to block the bile heart reflex arc and avoid the occurrence of bile heart reflex due to pulling the gallbladder or bile duct exploration. Most patients had a significant decrease or disappearance of angina pectoris and arrhythmia episodes after surgery.