Inguinal hernia is a hernia formed by the protrusion of intra-abdominal organs to the body surface through a defect in the groin, commonly known as “hernia”, including straight hernia, hiatal hernia and femoral hernia, which is visually compared to the protrusion of the inner fetus from the outer fetus under the impact of air pressure after the outer fetus is broken. It is often associated with congenital defects in young adults, and in older men it is often associated with increased abdominal pressure such as urinary difficulties, constipation or chronic cough. Inguinal hernia presents as a reducible swelling in the inguinal region. Adult hernias are not self-healing and surgery is the only effective treatment, and inguinal hernia repair has undergone a long history for more than 100 years. The current surgical approach is recognized as the best tension-free repair, which is commonly referred to as repairing the abdominal wall defect with a specialized artificial hernia patch similar to a patch, rather than simply suturing the defective tissue together. Depending on the method and route of hernia patch placement, hernia repair surgery can be divided into open surgery and minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, and the available data prove that both types of hernia repair are safe and effective with a postoperative recurrence rate of about 1%. Open hernia repair is usually performed by placing the patch on the outer layer of the epiglottis (abdominal wall) through an incision of about 150 px in the inguinal region, while laparoscopic hernia repair (minimally invasive surgery) is performed by placing the patch on the inner layer of the epiglottis (abdominal wall) through three small incisions of 25 px or less, called preperitoneal repair, also called total inguinal repair, to repair abdominal wall defects of hiatal, ventral and femoral hernia at the same time. The patch placed in the inner layer of the abdominal wall is effective in strengthening the abdominal wall after repair, with low tension, low irritation of foreign bodies such as neuromuscular tissues of the patch, and low side effects such as postoperative pain. Together with the advantages of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, there is little physical and psychological disturbance and patients recover quickly after surgery. Because of the easy preperitoneal separation of laparoscopic hernia repair, three small incisions can be used to resolve bilateral hernias simultaneously in patients with bilateral hernias, with half the effort. Patients with recurrence after previous hernia surgery are also suitable for laparoscopic hernia repair to avoid adhesions at the original surgical site and to complete a firm repair, reducing the possibility of nerve damage causing intractable postoperative pain. However, laparoscopic hernia repair (TEP or TAPP) has its inherent drawbacks, as most surgical operations require general anesthesia, and the higher pressure pneumoperitoneum affects cardiopulmonary function. The severe adhesions caused by the inner abdominal wall repair (preperitoneal repair) make prostate and bladder surgery unusually difficult. Therefore, Dr. Gao Hongqiao believes that younger patients with unilateral inguinal hernia should choose laparoscopic or open preperitoneal repair with caution, while older patients, especially those with bilateral or recurrent hernia, should prefer laparoscopic minimally invasive hernia repair as their medical condition allows. For patients with poor cardiopulmonary function, open preperitoneal repair under local anesthesia can also resolve bilateral hernia through an incision of about 150px in the lower abdomen.