There is no so-called “best medicine” for asthma treatment, and suitable medicines should be chosen according to the condition. Commonly used medicines include hormones, β2 agonists, theophyllines, leukotriene modulators, anticholinergics and so on.
1. Hormones: Glucocorticoids are effective drugs for the treatment of asthma, which can effectively inhibit airway inflammation. Including inhaled beclomethasone, budesonide, etc.; oral prednisone, methylprednisolone and so on. It should be noted that long-term oral glucocorticoids may cause osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, muscle weakness and other adverse effects.
2. β2 agonists: short-acting β2 agonists such as salbutamol are the first choice for acute asthma attacks; long-acting drugs are often used for symptom control, mainly salmeterol, formoterol, etc., and glucocorticoids are often used in combination.
3. Theophylline: commonly used aminophylline and doxophylline, it should be noted that this kind of drug is easy to cause nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, panic and other adverse reactions.
4. Leukotriene modifiers: especially for exercise asthma, aspirin asthma. Commonly used drugs are montelukast, zalustat and so on. Note that this kind of drug is easy to cause anxiety, insomnia, dizziness and other adverse reactions.
5. Anticholinergics: commonly used drugs are ipratropium bromide, tiotropium bromide, etc. Note that patients with glaucoma, constipation and urinary retention should not use.
The treatment of asthma needs to be combined with the condition of the individualized treatment, the above drugs need to be standardized and rationally applied under the guidance of professional physicians and pharmacists.