Pain in the back of the head may be caused by physiological factors, and may also be caused by hypertension, elevated intracranial pressure and neurogenic cervical spondylosis and other pathological factors. 1. Physiological factors: pain in the back of the head may occur when exposed to wind, pressure or high mental tension, and can be relieved after detaching from the environment, relaxing and resting. 2. Pathological factors (1) Hypertension: when the blood pressure of hypertensive patients is poorly controlled, it may be manifested as pain in the back of the head, which is often accompanied by pain in the temples on both sides, or pain in the forehead. (2) Elevated intracranial pressure: malignant tumors, cerebral hemorrhage, or cerebral edema, leading to elevated intracranial pressure, causing pain in the back of the head, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. (3) Neurogenic cervical spondylosis: Due to compression of the occipital nerve (which is a branch of the second cervical nerve from the spinal nerve) by cervical discs or osteophytes, pain may occur in the back of the head, the area innervated by the occipital nerve. If physiological factors are excluded in the case of pain in the back of the head, it is necessary to consult a doctor in a timely manner to clarify the cause of the disease and actively treat the primary disease.