Vasomotor rhinitis, or vasodilatory rhinitis, is a neurogenic inflammation of the nasal mucosa induced by nonspecific stimuli and mediated by neurotransmitters. The disease is predominant in young adults and seems to be more common in women than in men, and most patients with so-called “chronic rhinitis” complain of this type of rhinitis.
The etiology of this disease is diverse, and mental stress, anxiety, sudden changes in environmental temperature, and endocrine dysfunction can cause excessive release of parasympathetic neurotransmitters, nonspecific release of histamine, vasodilation, and increased glandular secretion, resulting in corresponding clinical symptoms.
Repeated sympathetic stimuli (nervousness, anxiety) not only deplete excessive neurotransmitter synthase to reduce transmitters, but also reduce α1 and β receptors on the walls of small blood vessels; frequent use of certain sympathetic blockers (antihypertensives, antidepressants); and reduced thyroid function can cause a decrease in sympathetic tone. The result of reduced sympathetic tone increases parasympathetic tone and increases the release of parasympathetic neurotransmitters. Estrogen can also increase the release of parasympathetic neurotransmitters.
Patients with predominantly nasal congestion tend to have nasal congestion that worsens at night and often alternates with changes in body position, and decreases or disappears during the day. Such patients are unusually sensitive to changes in climate, ambient temperature and humidity. The onset of sneezing as the main symptom mostly occurs in the morning, followed by clear runny nose. Most of them are sensitive to odor and cold air. Patients with mainly nasal leakage have symptoms mostly during the day with mucus or watery snot, mostly related to mental factors. The symptoms last for more than 10 days and can reduce or disappear on their own. After a certain interval, the disease can develop again if mental factors are encountered. If the disease lasts for a long time, due to the edema of mucous membrane, it may lead to loss of smell and is often accompanied by headache.
Health care When symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose and sneezing occur, come to the hospital in time to prevent delayed treatment. During the consultation, you should communicate with the doctor about your mental state, environmental factors, symptoms and duration of the onset of the disease.
It is a neurogenic inflammatory disease and is mainly treated with medication. Because the disease can have mast cell non-IgE-mediated histamine release, antihistamines are still effective, such as nasal mucosal edema, with sneezing heavy, should be under the guidance of doctors, oral antihistamines; nasal congestion can be obvious decongestant nasal drops; adrenocorticotropic hormone can inhibit the non-specific release of mast cell mediators and vascular permeability in multiple links, intranasal application can control the symptoms.
Due to the combination of psychiatric factors, such as anxiety and depression, should receive psychotherapy from a physician. Those who are sensitive to stimuli such as hot and cold dust and have more frequent sneezing bouts can cooperate with the doctor for intranasal laser, radiofrequency or microwave therapy under mucosal surface anesthesia with the aim of reducing nasal mucosal sensitivity.
Strengthen nutrition, exercise, enhance physical resistance, prevent colds, avoid exertion and mental tension, and build up self-confidence to overcome the disease.