The olfactory nerve is the nerve fiber that runs from the olfactory epithelium through the sieve plate to the olfactory bulb. The ability to smell is a characteristic of the olfactory cells in the nasal mucosa. Injury to the nasal mucosa, olfactory bulb, olfactory filament or central nervous system connections may affect the sense of smell. Clinical manifestations are hyposmia, olfactory loss, olfactory absence, olfactory inversion, phantom sniffing and increased sensitivity to olfactory stimuli. The clinical diagnosis is often based on clinical examination, as follows.
1.Cerebrospinal fluid examination.
2, Other necessary selective tests such as blood routine, blood electrolytes, blood glucose, urea nitrogen, etc.
3.Cranial base radiography, cranial CT and MRI examination.
4.Ear, nose and throat examination and olfactory examination.
5.Other necessary selective auxiliary examination items include chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, etc.