Serum triglycerides are one of the components of blood esters. Triglycerides are in a dynamic balance in the body. The level of blood esters can change with dietary changes and can vary widely. In addition, their levels increase with age, and tend to be higher especially in middle-aged and older adults who are overweight. How can we effectively prevent elevated serum TG levels? Control of ideal body weight. Many epidemiological data show that the average plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in obese people are significantly higher than in non-obese people of the same age. In addition to the significant positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and lipid levels, the distribution of body fat is also closely related to plasma lipoprotein levels. In general, central obese people are more likely to develop hyperlipidemia. Obese people’s weight loss, lipid disorders can also return to normal. Sports exercise. Physical exercise can not only enhance cardiopulmonary function, improve insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, but also reduce body weight, lower plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterol levels, and increase HDL cholesterol levels. In terms of diet, fatty acid and cholesterol intake should be reduced, and alcohol consumption should be limited. Daily fat intake should be controlled to less than 30% of total calories, with saturated fatty acids controlled to less than 7%. In patients with hypertriglyceridemia, small amounts of alcohol can also lead to a significant increase in serum triglyceride levels. Therefore, alcohol consumption must be limited. It should also be noted that a significant increase in carbohydrate content in the diet can also raise serum triglyceride levels and lower HDL-cholesterol levels. In obesity, the body’s mobilization of free fatty acids decreases and the level of free fatty acids in the blood rises, leading to an increase in serum triglyceride levels, while weight loss can lead to a decrease in serum triglyceride levels in obese patients. Diabetic patients are often combined with hypertriglyceridemia, and active treatment of diabetes can help reduce serum triglyceride levels. Exercise and physical activity can result in significant reductions in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels. Therefore, like patients with hypercholesterolemia, patients with hypertriglyceridemia should engage in long-term, regular physical activity to maintain weight loss. All patients with elevated serum triglyceride levels should undergo non-pharmacologic treatments such as dietary changes, weight control, smoking cessation, and increased physical activity. When elevated serum triglyceride levels are combined with atherosclerosis-causing lipid disorders such as familial complex hyperlipidemia, pharmacological treatment should be used. In terms of drug selection, niacin or a derivative of niacin, such as Lupin, can be used. In patients with extremely elevated serum triglyceride levels, the use of fibrate derivatives or niacin for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia can prevent the development of acute pancreatitis.