The advantages of lumbar herniated disc surgical treatment are that it can cure lumbar herniated disc and the recurrence rate is very low; the disadvantages are that it may also recur, postoperative infections may occur, the surgery destroys the structural integrity and stability of the spine, and there will be more complications and after-effects after the surgery, in addition to the high cost of the surgery. There are traditional open surgery and minimally invasive surgery to treat lumbar disc herniation by removing part of the herniated nucleus pulposus. 1. Advantages: open surgery is suitable for lumbar disc herniation combined with disc calcification, there is obvious instability phenomenon, after the operation can obtain lasting and stable results, but also can effectively relieve the symptoms of lumbar disc herniation nerve compression, recurrence rate is very low. Simple lumbar disc herniation mainly adopts minimally invasive surgery, which is less traumatic, not easy to cause great damage to the patient, and the recovery speed is also faster. 2. Disadvantages: The risks of minimally invasive surgery are essentially the same as those of standard open surgery. Although minimally invasive, the dangers are not reduced. There is still a risk of damaging the structural integrity and stability of the spine during the surgery, possible damage to nearby nerves, and more postoperative complications and sequelae, such as low back pain. Post-operation may still cause infection, in addition to the high cost of surgery. Lumbar disc herniation is not an incurable disease, as long as patients develop good habits in their daily lives, they are able to treat and alleviate the disease, helping to reduce pain. The pros and cons of intervertebral disc surgery cannot be generalized, and patients need to fully understand and make the right judgment based on their own situation.