A. Principles of dietary therapy for short stature Generally speaking, people stop growing taller by the age of 20-25, and supplying adequate nutrition before this age can promote the growth of children’s height. It is necessary to pay attention to the following aspects.
1, supply sufficient protein because protein is the best “building materials” for children’s growth and development, adults need about 80 grams of protein per day, children need relatively higher, not only to ensure the quantity of protein, but also to pay attention to the quality of protein. Animal food such as fish, meat, eggs, milk, contains a complete set of essential amino acids, high nutritional value, should ensure its supply and needs. Plant-based proteins such as beans, peanuts, vegetables and animal foods can further improve the nutritional value of protein, complementing each other’s strengths and enhancing the body’s absorption of vitamins and minerals.
2, the supply of rich calcium calcium is an important raw material for the composition of the bones. Preschool children need 600 mg of calcium per day, elementary school students need 800 mg, and secondary school students need 1200 mg. If the supply of calcium in food is not enough, infants and children will occur chondromalacia, school-age children will not grow tall. Therefore, it is important to supply calcium-rich foods in the diet, such as milk, beans and their products, sesame paste, kelp, shrimp, melon seeds, and green leafy vegetables. Adding the right amount of calcium and cod liver oil to toddlers and school-age children can be beneficial for height growth. To promote children more outdoor activities in the sun, because the ultraviolet rays of the sun, can make the skin in the dehydrocholesterol into vitamin D, and help the absorption of calcium.
3, advocate less sugar sugar to eat more easily affect the appetite of children, so that the amount of food to reduce, will inevitably affect the absorption of nutrients. And too much sugar, the body metabolic intermediate products pyruvate and lactic acid will increase, which requires alkaline calcium to neutralize, calcium consumption is bound to increase, thus affecting the growth of bones. In addition, wild rice, bamboo shoots, green garlic, spinach and other foods containing oxalic acid, can be combined with calcium into insoluble calcium oxalate, so that the calcium in the food can not be absorbed and used by the body, so attention should be paid to the method of consumption.
4, be sure to eat a good breakfast breakfast to eat full, eat well. If the child does not eat a good breakfast, nutrition supply is insufficient, the brain does not consume enough energy to use the body’s reserves of protein, which is like a “kettle bottom”, a long time is bound to affect the body’s growth and development.
In short, in order for children to obtain adequate nutrition for growth, we must let children eat well, eat enough, and pay attention to a variety of recipes, pay attention to the color, aroma, taste, type and nutrition of food, take a variety of food mix, in order to achieve the complementary role of food, so that the body to obtain a variety of essential nutrients. To correct the child’s partial food, picky eating and other bad habits. Also encourage children to exercise more and actively participate in physical exercise, which is also an important factor in promoting children’s growth. In addition, pay attention to the child’s psychological health, because trauma, mental tension, emotional depression, can cause endocrine disorders, affecting the growth and development of children and height growth.
Second, balanced nutrition to promote children’s height The six essential nutrients for the human body come from food, and the nutrients contained in different foods vary. In order to select foods appropriately and match them reasonably to obtain balanced nutrition, nutritionists have designed a “pyramid” of balanced diet by grouping various foods into five categories according to the situation in China. The tower is divided into five layers, with different positions and areas of each layer, reflecting to a certain extent the status and proportion of various types of food in the diet. The specific contents are: The first layer (bottom layer) is mainly cereals. Including rice, noodles and mixed grains. Mainly provide carbohydrates, protein, dietary fiber and B vitamins. They are the main source of energy in the diet, a variety of cereals mixed with food, to eat the same better than a single meal. Each person should eat 350-500 grams per day.
The second layer of vegetables and fruits. Mainly provide dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins and carotenoids. Vegetables and fruits have their own characteristics, can not completely replace each other, can not eat only fruit not vegetables. Generally speaking, red, green and yellow darker vegetables and dark yellow fruits are richer in nutrients, so more dark vegetables and fruits should be used. You should eat 400~500 grams of vegetables and 100~200 grams of fruits every day.
The third layer of fish, shrimp, meat, eggs (meat including animal meat, poultry meat and offal) category. Mainly provide high-quality protein, fat, minerals, vitamin A and B vitamins. They differ from each other in nutrient content. You should eat 150~200 grams per day.
The fourth layer of dairy and legume foods. Milk mainly includes fresh milk, milk, etc. In addition to being rich in high-quality protein and vitamins, it contains high calcium and has a high utilization rate, making it an excellent source of natural calcium. Beans are rich in high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids, calcium and vitamin B1, B2, etc. You should drink 250 to 500 grams of fresh milk and eat 50 to 100 grams of beans and bean products every day.
The fifth layer (the tip of the tower) fats and oils, including vegetable oils, etc. Mainly provide energy, but also provide vitamin E and essential fatty acids. Daily intake should not exceed 25 grams.
Expert tips Food “pagoda”, the daily needs of the five types of food can not replace each other, in order to make the body healthy, each type of food is needed. In the “pagoda” of the same layer, a variety of food contains similar nutrients, in the diet should often be replaced, in order to make the diet rich and colorful. And the more varieties you eat, the more comprehensive the nutrient intake will be.