The treatment of ventricular septal defects in young children depends on the size of the defect and the age of the patient. Some may heal on their own, while others may require sealing or repair surgery. Ventricular septal defects are a common form of congenital heart malformation. If a patient is born with a ventricular septal defect of less than 1cm, the defect may heal on its own, especially when the patient is about one year old, the rate of self-healing is high, and the rate of self-healing decreases as the patient grows older. If there is a combination of severe pulmonary hypertension or recurrent pneumonia or feeding difficulties at an early age, surgery is needed to reduce the pulmonary hypertension and treat the defect as soon as possible. In the case of centralized ventricular septal defects, if the patient is over 3 years old, surgical occlusion can be attempted, which is less invasive and quicker in recovery; for other types that cannot be occluded, extracorporeal circulation ventricular septal defect repair surgery is needed.