(1) Non-smoking and smoking cessation.
① Organized and planned health education among the masses on the health hazards of smoking and the prevention of cancer requires resolute non-smoking and smoking cessation. Beginning in elementary school in the curriculum to add the health hazards of smoking.
②Medical personnel, school teachers, literary and sports workers, journalists, and leading cadres at all levels should take the lead in not smoking and serve as role models for the general public.
③Health departments, education departments, news organizations and mass organizations should carry out publicity and education on the harmful effects of smoking.
④Take measures to ban smoking in all public places.
Since the 1960s, countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States have been vigorously promoting activities on the health hazards of smoking, so that the smoking rate among the population has been declining at a rate of 1 to 2% per year. No matter how many years you have been smoking, whether you have lung cancer or not, or how old you are, it is in your best interest to make up your mind to quit smoking immediately. The cancer-causing toxins deposited in your body will gradually decrease after you quit smoking. If you are a patient, quitting smoking will strengthen your healing process.
Quitting smoking can restore your immune function, increase your strength, and prevent cancer and other diseases.
(2) Prevention of occupational lung cancer.
(1) Government departments should supervise and manage industrial and mining enterprises.
(2) Reform the production process, reduce dust and smoke, reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the environment, continuously improve the degree of automation, mechanization and confinement of production, and producers avoid or reduce direct contact with known carcinogenic factors.
③Strengthen personal protection, pay attention to formal operation during production, change out of work clothes after production, wash and shower, and do not take home work clothes.
④Regularly monitor the concentration of harmful substances in the environment, which should not exceed the national allowable standard, and take effective protective measures in time.
⑤ Regular medical check-ups, if occupational-related precancerous lesions or early cancers are found, they should be treated promptly and transferred away from the occupational environment with carcinogenic factors.
(3) Prevention of environmental pollution: In 1991, the State Council promulgated the Rules for the Implementation of Air Pollution Prevention and Control, which plays a very important role in the prevention of lung cancer and other related diseases. Treatment of lung cancer.
Its main contents are.
① People’s Government, industrial and mining enterprises, construction projects should be the prevention of air pollution into the production and construction and technological transformation plans to strengthen supervision and management.
② air pollution prevention and control facilities and regulations are accepted and qualified, the construction project can only be put into production or use. ③ prevention and control of smoke and dust pollution.
④ new residential areas should be combined heat and power supply, or centralized heating, the promotion of low-pollution combustion technology, and gradually limit the burning of loose coal.
⑤ prohibit new construction projects in residential areas containing toxic emissions and dust, has been put into production should be purified.
⑥ Due to special circumstances, the need to burn asphalt, linoleum, rubber, plastic, leather and other substances that produce toxic and harmful gases in areas with concentrated population, subject to the approval of the local environmental protection department, and set up incinerators to focus on burning. Building construction needs to melt asphalt, the use of fixed melting device, should be used in an enclosed manner.
(7) government environmental protection departments at all levels of motor boat exhaust pollution prevention and control to unify supervision and management. Exceed the national pollution emission standards of the car, shall not be manufactured, sold or imported.
⑧ have violated the national provisions of the legal responsibility.
(4) control indoor pollution such as smoke and dust.
① indoor coal stove, coal stove to have a chimney, to keep the stove airtight. Chimneys should be frequently swept and kept clear.
② gradually replace coal-fired heating and cooking with gas.
③ keep the kitchen ventilation, the kitchen should be installed hood or exhaust phoenix fan, ignition while opening the hood or exhaust phoenix fan.
④When cooking, the temperature of the frying pan should not exceed 200 degrees, do not let the frying pan smoke, use less frying cooking methods, and use refined oil as cooking oil.
⑤ Living room and bedroom should be separated from the kitchen to avoid polluted kitchen air from entering other living rooms.
(6) Use non-polluting materials for interior decoration and decoration. In order to prevent harmful substances emitted from decoration materials from harming residents, ventilation should be done for one month after the decoration is finished before starting to live in the house.
(5) Control indoor radon pollution.
① Architecturally speaking, a dense barrier should be built to avoid radon infiltration into the room. Usually a cement barrier without cracks and holes is enough to block radon infiltration. Good ventilation condition is also an important link to control radon pollution.
② Strict foundation selection should be made before house construction, ask relevant departments to do radon test if necessary, and then take radon reduction measures. Pay attention to the radioactivity of building materials and choose qualified building materials.
③Personally, when purchasing a house, you should first understand clearly whether the area where the house is located belongs to the area with high content of radon in the stratum and avoid purchasing a house in such area.
④Choose building materials with low content of radioactive substances as decoration materials.
⑤Caulk and seal the cracks on the floor and walls.
⑥Use basement as living room or workplace, make sure to monitor indoor radon concentration, and those with too high radon concentration should not be used as living room or workplace.
(6) Dietary prevention and chemical prevention
American Ma Chang and other studies confirmed that eating more various green leafy vegetables and tomatoes (tomatoes) has a significant protective effect on preventing lung cancer. Researchers have observed that lutein, lycopene and indole and other vegetable components in vegetables have anti-cancer effects on humans
. Ziller et al. found that cruciferous vegetables (such as rape, cauliflower, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, kale, cauliflower, and turnip greens) had more prominent protective effects against lung cancer. The American Institute for Cancer Research and the Institute of Oncology of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, in a study of lung cancer in Yunxi miners, found the same results as above, in addition to the protective effect of onions and garlic against lung cancer, the active ingredients of which may be carotenoids and their complexes.
In the study at the mine, it was found that eating more tofu and moderate amounts of meat and eggs also had a protective effect.
Increasing the intake of vegetables and fruits in food, especially more foods rich in carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, folic acid, and the trace element selenium, can reduce the incidence of lung cancer. High-fat and high-cholesterol diets and alcohol consumption can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Vitamin A maintains cell membrane integrity, maintains normal metabolism of epithelial tissues, blocks the process of cellular carcinogenesis, accelerates nuclear DNA repair and has a regulatory effect on gene expression. Graham’s study in a multi-ethnic Hawaiian population found that those who consumed less than 25,000 IU of vitamin A per month had a higher risk of developing squamous lung cancer than those who consumed greater than 150,000 IU per month.
Derivatives of vitamin A and carotenoids and carotenoids have attracted more attention for lung cancer prevention. Hunan Cancer Hospital reported in 1989 that domestic vincristine (RI) and vincristine (derivatives of vitamin A) were applied in two mines in Hunan in 1984 to treat patients with moderate or severe atypical hyperplasia of sputum cells. The general condition improved after treatment, and the immunoglobulin IgA and IgM in the blood were elevated. The incidence of lung cancer in the treatment and control groups was 1 to 4, and the mean grade of hyperplastic cells decreased, suggesting the efficacy of this product in chemoprevention.
(7) Live a regular life, have a happy mood, combine work and rest, and exercise to increase the ability to prevent and fight diseases.
(8) Residents of middle age and above should have regular health check-ups: when symptoms such as irritating dry cough and blood in sputum appear, they should go to the hospital for examination in time. If someone in the family has suffered from lung cancer, other members should pay attention and must have regular checkups.