The most common causes of postmenopausal bleeding include endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial polyp and ovarian malignant tumor.
1. Endometrial cancer: the main clinical manifestation is postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, usually in small amount, with bloody or plasma vaginal discharge, pain in the lower abdomen and other symptoms, and in combination with infection, there may be pus and blood discharge with foul odor, which can be diagnosed by combining with the history and clinical manifestations, ultrasonography, hysteroscopy and so on.
2. Cervical cancer: it can be manifested as postmenopausal irregular vaginal bleeding, accompanied by vaginal discharge of rice-slop-like fluid with fishy smell, which can be clearly diagnosed by combining with clinical manifestations, cervical cytology, colposcopy and cervical tissue biopsy.
3. Endometrial polyp: it can also cause postmenopausal bleeding, which manifests as irregular vaginal bleeding with small amount, and can be clearly diagnosed by ultrasonography, hysteroscopy and pathological examination.
4. Ovarian malignant tumor: for functional ovarian malignant tumor, it can also manifest as postmenopausal irregular vaginal bleeding, gynecological examination can touch solid or cystic mass in the adnexal area, with poor mobility, and most of them are accompanied by peritoneal effusion. Diagnosis can be aided by history, signs and symptoms and ultrasonography, tumor markers, and laparoscopy.
When vaginal bleeding occurs after menopause, it is necessary to go to the hospital in time for relevant examinations to clarify the cause of the disease and actively treat the symptoms.