Atherosclerotic diseases, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease, are the main causes of disability and death from cardiovascular disease. These diseases develop over a long period of time and often have a high risk of death and disability at the first onset. Currently recognized risk factors for vascular disease include: age, gender, race, family history, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, abdominal obesity, lack of exercise, low consumption of vegetables and fruits, mental stress, and heavy alcohol consumption. Except for the first four, which cannot be prevented, the last nine risk factors for vascular disease are modifiable and therefore preventable. Activation of platelets is the ultimate common link of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, therefore, antiplatelet therapy is also an important element of primary prevention. Special attention should be paid to the following special groups: diabetic patients, patients with asymptomatic lower limb artery stenosis, patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis, patients with renal impairment and kidney disease, and elderly patients with atherosclerosis. Main measures 1. Lifestyle interventions: reasonable diet, regular exercise, weight control, smoking cessation and psychological balance; 2. Dyslipidemia interventions: (1) Lipid testing every 2-5 years for people with normal lipids, and at least once a year for people over 40 years old; (2) Therapeutic lifestyle changes for all patients with dyslipidemia; (3) LDL is the primary target for lipid lowering. (3) LDL is the primary goal of lipid lowering, and the first choice is tadine, and in the case of high triglycerides, the primary goal is to reduce triglycerides, and the first choice is betablockers; (4) The lipid standard is decided according to risk stratification, low risk: no hypertension and less than 3 other factors, target TC less than 6.2 mmol/L, LDL less than 4.14 mmol/L, medium risk: hypertension and more than 3 other factors, target TC less than 5.18 mmol/L, LDL less than 3.37mmol/L, high risk:: diabetes mellitus or combined with other cardiovascular risk factors, target value TC less than 4.14mmol/L, LDL less than 2.59mmol/L. 3, quit smoking; 4, blood sugar intervention: active intervention of fasting blood sugar; 5, control of hypertension: all hypertensive patients to lower the pressure to 140/90 or less, if tolerated also The blood pressure should be lowered to at least 130/80 in patients with diabetes mellitus and stroke, heart attack and renal insufficiency and proteinuria. Optimal blood pressure control to below 120/80 in all hypertensive patients; 6. Small doses of aspirin: 75mg-100mg daily.