Lower extremity atherosclerosis-occlusive disease (ASO, LEAD) is a disease in which atherosclerosis involves the arteries of the lower extremities, resulting in arterial stenosis or occlusion and manifestations of inadequate blood supply to the distal extremities. It is a common arterial system disease in vascular surgery and is usually divided into several stages according to its clinical course, such as asymptomatic phase, intermittent claudication phase, and critical limb ischemia (CLI). In the treatment of lower extremity atherosclerosis occlusive disease, surgical revascularization is the main treatment. The traditional surgical approach, i.e. arterial bypass surgery, is highly invasive, with slow recovery and relatively more surgical complications. In contrast, since percutaneous transluminal endovascular angioplasty has been used to treat lower extremity arterial lesions, it has benefited many patients who could not tolerate traditional surgery. With the rapid development of the level of endoluminal technology as well as endoluminal devices, it has now become the method of choice for the treatment of atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower extremities. However, we must also recognize that atherosclerosis is a systemic lifelong disease that cannot be cured at all, and all treatments are only symptomatic and cannot be treated from the cause. Therefore, how to maintain the patency of blood vessels after endoluminal treatment becomes an important issue. This requires a more specific understanding of the disease, active preparation and cooperation before surgery, and a number of precautions after surgery: a. Active control of the primary disease: This is crucial, current medicine in the treatment of atherosclerosis can only do to slow down its development rate, but can not be eradicated. Therefore, it is crucial to control the risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis, i.e. various primary diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Good control of these risk factors can slow down the progression of the disease and make the local as well as the overall atherosclerosis occlusion situation be effectively controlled. Second, quit smoking: current medical research believes that smokers have more than three times the risk of developing lower extremity atherosclerosis occlusive disease than non-smokers. Smokers’ blood is in a hypercoagulable state, and failure to completely quit smoking after surgery may lead to early intra-arterial thrombosis and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, resulting in the occurrence of early arterial occlusion, leading to the need for re-surgical intervention. Therefore, it is imperative to quit smoking! As with patients with coronary artery disease, patients undergoing endoluminal interventions require regular and effective drug therapy, regardless of whether stenting is performed. The main components are antiplatelet drugs and lipid-lowering drugs, and others include microcirculation-dilating drugs, drugs to inhibit endothelial proliferation, and anticoagulant drugs. According to different patients, they receive different treatments. Patients need to follow the doctor’s prescription for regular treatment after surgery to prevent thrombosis and inhibit intimal hyperplasia, so as to maintain the patency of the diseased vessels after treatment. Fourth, reasonable and appropriate walking exercise: through walking exercise, not only can promote the formation of arterial collateral of the lower limbs, but also can speed up the blood flow rate of the lower limb arteries and keep the blood vessels unobstructed. Of course, in some special patients, due to special parts of the lesion need to implant stents, it is necessary to carry out safe and effective functional exercise under the guidance of doctors. On the one hand, it can play a therapeutic role, and on the other hand, it can prevent the occurrence of stent fracture and early occlusion due to improper exercise. V. Regular outpatient follow-up and examination: As mentioned above, atherosclerosis is a lifelong disease, which is still incurable by medical science and limited to symptom treatment. Therefore, patients who have received lower extremity arterial endoluminal interventions must visit a specialist clinic regularly for necessary follow-up and examination. On the one hand, it is important to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment, and on the other hand, it is useful to detect problems at an early stage and re-intervene early to reduce the chance of serious ischemia recurrence. Active cooperation with doctors for physical examination and special imaging examinations should not be neglected. Sixth, pay attention to the details of life: it is inappropriate to massage the stent implantation site; try to use shower and reduce tub bath; pay attention to foot cleaning and care; pay attention to limb warmth; avoid limb injury, etc. are all details that patients need to pay attention to in their daily life. In summary, the treatment of lower limb atherosclerosis occlusive disease has tended to be minimally invasive, and patients who receive endoluminal treatment must pay attention to several key points in order to increase the patency time of the target vessels, preserve the limbs and protect the feet, and improve the quality of life.