A. What are the heart valves? There are four groups of valves in every human heart. These are the aortic valve that connects the left ventricle to the aorta, the pulmonary valve that connects the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, the mitral valve that connects the left atrium to the left ventricle, and the tricuspid valve that connects the right atrium to the right ventricle. They all act as one-way valves so that blood can flow only from one direction to the other without backflow. Each valve consists of two to three leaflets, which are thin, smooth, and flexible when normal. Second, what is heart valve disease Due to congenital or acquired causes of valve malformation or deformation caused by blood flow disorders, called valve disease. Acquired, especially rheumatic heart valve disease is common, and the changes in the valve itself are more obvious. Valvular stenosis: poor blood flow due to valve deformity. Mitral stenosis, aortic stenosis, etc. Inadequate closure: regurgitation of blood flow due to poor closure of the valve. Simply put, the heart valve is the door, valve stenosis is equivalent to the door can not be opened, valve closure is equivalent to the door can not close. Third, why some patients need to replace the valve valve stenosis or incomplete closure, the loss of one-way valve role, and the valve lesion can not be effectively treated with closed dilatation or shaping, then the original lesion must be removed through surgical methods under extracorporeal circulation, replaced with an artificial heart valve, in order to restore the physiological function of the one-way valve to relieve or alleviate the symptoms. Thousands of patients worldwide are reborn each year as a result of such surgery. Fourth, what are the early considerations after valve surgery The first three months after surgery is an important stage to overcome the surgical trauma and recover the body, should pay attention to the following matters: 1, medication: take medication on time and in the right amount. Commonly used drugs include anticoagulants, cardiac diuretics, anti-arrhythmic drugs, etc. 2. Prevent infection: especially respiratory inflammation, periodontitis, skin boils, urinary tract infection, etc. They should be controlled as soon as they are detected. Intermittent or persistent fever of unknown origin should not be treated indiscriminately with antimicrobials. You should seek medical attention promptly. To avoid delaying treatment. 3, diet: pay attention to increase nutrition, supplement protein and vitamins. Do not consume too much or long-term food rich in vitamin K: spinach, carrot, pork liver, tomatoes, cauliflower, fresh peas, etc. 4, patients with poor heart function should limit water intake, should not eat too salty food, should not eat a lot of thin rice and soups. Drinking alcohol can affect the metabolism of Warfarin, so during the anticoagulation period, then try not to drink alcohol, let alone alcohol abuse.