The diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of eggs or gestational nodules in the stool of a patient with cestode disease. Hymenolepiasis nana is a disease caused by the parasitism of tiny hymenolepis nana (short hymenolepis) in the human intestine. The main clinical symptoms include nausea, vomiting, lack of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and insomnia. Humans and rodents are the source of infection. The worm has a global distribution and is found in most areas of China, with a high rate of infection in children. The prognosis of the disease is good. Short-membranous cestode disease is caused by short-membranous cestodes, whose adults are 25-40 mm long and 1 mm wide, with four suckers on the head segment and 20-30 single-row head hooks on the parietal process. The neck is long and slender, with 100-200 postneck segments, a few as many as 1000 segments, 3 round testes per segment, 2 lobes of ovaries, and a pouch-shaped uterus in the gestational segment, containing 80-200 eggs. The eggs are colorless and transparent, oval or round, 47-37 μm in size, with a thin shell and a colorless liquid between the shell and the embryonic membrane, with 4-8 thin filaments protruding from each end of the embryonic membrane, and six hooked larvae inside the embryonic membrane. The adult worms are parasitic in the upper part of the small intestine of the host, and the gestational segments at the end of the worm often break apart before they are shed, and the eggs are dispersed and excreted with the feces. When the eggs are swallowed by humans or rats, they hatch in the intestine, and the larvae escape and burrow into the villi of the small intestine to develop into cysticercus-like larvae, which return to the intestinal cavity and attach to the intestinal wall, maturing and laying eggs about one month after infection. In addition, fleas and many kinds of beetles can become intermediate hosts. The beetles swallow the eggs and then hatch out six larvae, which develop into cysticercus-like larvae in their blood cavity. Adult beetles and larvae are infected in large numbers in the human small intestinal cavity, causing mechanical and toxic irritation of the small intestinal mucosa. The mechanical stimulation of the intestinal wall by the fixation organ and microhair and the toxin stimulation by the metabolites of the worms cause inflammation, necrosis, ulceration, cell lysis and infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the intestinal mucosa. The presence of large numbers of worms in the body can cause intestinal obstruction and occasionally intestinal perforation, mostly complicated by appendicitis. Short-film cestode infection can also cause an immune response, with varying increases in immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin E (IgE). It is suggested that there is a link between the immunity of the organism and the development of the disease. Short crustal tapeworm disease: Short crustal tapeworm disease (hymenolepiasis nana) is a disease caused by tiny crustal tapeworms (hymenolepis nana, short crustal tapeworm) parasitizing the human intestine. Pruritus: Pruritus (cutaneous pruritus) is a clinically abnormal skin disease with no primary damage and predominantly pruritic sensory function, in which secondary skin damage can occur due to scratching, such as scratches, blood scabs, etc., and can be divided into limited and generalized according to the extent or location of pruritus.