Rosacea is an erythematous, papular, and pustular skin disease with capillary dilation that occurs in the central prismatic area of the face. It usually presents as redness of the skin of the external nose, but is most pronounced at the tip of the nose. This is the result of the obvious expansion of blood vessels, sometimes through the skin can see the expansion of small blood vessels in the form of dendrites, due to the local sebaceous glands secretion, the nose appears red and bright; further development of the disease, the skin can be thickened, and even grow rashes or small pustules, the appearance of rough and uneven, very much like rosacea, so the name rosacea nose. The skin lesions are usually found in the center of the face and are symmetrically distributed. It is common on the nose, cheeks, between the eyebrows and chin. It is divided into three stages according to its development process: the first stage is the erythematous stage, in which erythema occurs on the nose and both sides, the forehead, and the mouth, and flaking; the second stage is the papulopustular stage (also known as rosacea), in which acne-like papules and pustules occur on top of erythema, accompanied by varying degrees of capillary dilation; the third stage is the nasal flaccid stage, in which nodules and irregular wart-like growths occur on the nose, and capillary dilation is more obvious. The cause of this disease is not very clear, most people believe that on the basis of seborrhea, by various triggers (mental tension, temperature changes, stimulating food, endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal dysfunction, etc.), so that the affected part of the vasodilator nerve dysfunction, capillary dilation for a long time, poor sebum excretion, resulting in anaerobic bacteria and follicle infection, triggered by the red papules, pustules, nodules, sebaceous glands and connective tissue The erythematous rash, pustules, nodules, sebaceous glands and connective tissue hyperplasia, and serious nasal flab occur. The erythema is temporary at first, but then persists and is accompanied by capillary dilation, which is filiform. With the prolongation of the disease, the vasodilatation is more obvious, longitudinal and horizontal, the connective tissue of the nose proliferates, the nose thickens, forms nodular elevations of different sizes, and develops into nasal redundancy. Laser treatment during the capillary dilatation stage can stop the further expansion of blood vessels, reduce the sebum overflow from the nose, and effectively stop the progress of the disease. There are many treatment methods for rosacea, the following treatment methods are introduced: a. Removal of causative factors: avoid stimulating food and hot and cold change stimulation, remove the lesion, eliminate mental tension, correct endocrine disorders and gastrointestinal dysfunction, and prevent constipation. Systemic treatment: 1, metronidazole 0.2g 2-3 times a day or tinidazole 0.5g 2 times a day, 4-6 weeks of treatment. 2, tetracycline 0.25g 2-3 times a day or minocycline hydrochloride 0.05g 2 times a day, 6-8 weeks of treatment. Also available erythromycin, doxycycline, etc. The combination of the above two drugs is more effective. 3, quinine chloride 0.125g-0.25g, 2 times a day, a total of 4-8 weeks. If the drug is used for too long, pay attention to the blood and fundus check. 4.Tanshinone 0.2g 2 – 3 times a day for 8-12 weeks. 5.Auxiliary treatment: take vitamin B complex, B1, B2, B6, B12, niacin, etc. Third, topical drug treatment: 1, currently the most used is sulfur preparations, such as compound sulfur lotion, selenium disulfide lotion, etc.. 2, chloramphenicol metronidazole application. 3, 2% metronidazole cream or gel. Fourth, laser treatment: the appearance of capillary dilation (red blood on the nose), strong pulse light (photorejuvenation) cosmetic effect is better. In the past, there was no special effective treatment for this disease, and now laser treatment has achieved very obvious results. The key to treatment is to improve the condition without affecting the function of the external nose. The methods used for treatment vary, with interval irradiation and vaporization methods being used for laser treatment. The treatment is mainly chosen for the different stages of rosacea. V. Surgical treatment of the nasal flaccid stage
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