The treatment of rectal cancer includes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy. 1. Surgery (1) Local excision: applicable to rectal cancer within T1. Surgical methods include transanal local excision and post-sacral approach local excision. (2) Radical resection: to remove the cancer in one piece with sufficient margins, regional lymph nodes and accompanying blood vessels as well as complete rectal mesentery. The main surgical modalities include abdominal perineal resection, low anterior resection, transabdominal rectal cancer resection, proximal stoma, distal closure surgery and so on. (3) Palliative surgery: it is applicable to advanced rectal cancer, aiming at relieving pain and dealing with complications. (2) Radiotherapy: including preoperative radiotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy and palliative radiotherapy. Preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy can increase the chance of cure, and palliative radiotherapy can reduce pain. 3. Chemotherapy: chemotherapy is a way to kill the tumor by using the high sensitivity of tumor cells to chemicals. The route of drug administration mainly includes systemic intravenous drug administration, postoperative abdominal heat perfusion chemotherapy and so on. Chemotherapy for rectal cancer is based on fluorouracil and systemic intravenous chemotherapy. 4. Targeted drug therapy: it mainly includes anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor, such as cetuximab and bevacizumab. 5. Immunotherapy: mainly through restoring T-cells’ recognition of cancer cells, and then achieve the effect of killing cancer cells. If you are suffering from rectal cancer, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time and choose a suitable treatment plan under the guidance of a professional doctor, so as to avoid delaying your condition.