The carotid artery is an important blood vessel in the human body, directly connected to the heart and the head and face, supplying fresh blood to the brain and head and face organs, and playing a very important role in the overall operation of life. However, the carotid artery is often prone to problems, and carotid stenosis has become a common cerebrovascular disease that poses a great threat to human health. So what are the common causes of carotid stenosis? The main cause of carotid artery stenosis is atherosclerosis, due to long-term vascular aging, blood lipid deposition attached to the vessel wall, the carotid artery intima gradually thickens and even forms plaque, blocking the carotid artery lumen, obstructing blood flow, causing cerebral ischemia, and even triggering cerebral infarction. In particular, many people suffer from hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, etc., plus smoking, drinking and other undesirable factors, which will further aggravate atherosclerosis, so to say what are the common causes of carotid stenosis, then these factors also belong to the common causes of carotid stenosis. For the treatment of carotid stenosis, it is necessary to look at the severity of the disease separately. For mild carotid stenosis, conservative medical treatment is recommended, with strict adherence to medical advice, good diet and lifestyle habits, and regular review. Severe carotid artery stenosis, on the other hand, requires surgery if necessary, depending on the condition. Currently, carotid endarterectomy is the standard surgical procedure recognized by the international and domestic medical community for the treatment of atherosclerotic carotid stenosis and prevention of cerebral infarction. After decades of development, the current technology is mature, safe and reliable, with significant results, and is recognized by the majority of patients.