Chronic hepatitis B is a very important disease in China. It is estimated that there are 93 million chronic hepatitis B virus carriers in China, of which more than 20 million require antiviral treatment and a range of clinical management and follow-up. For Chinese physicians, there are four major concepts in the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B, and four dreams of physicians: First, prevention of infection and zero mother-to-child transmission. This issue was also raised by WHO in 2003 to further reduce mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B by 90% on top of the existing rate. We further propose a future without hepatitis B. We hope that through a series of preventive measures, newborns born in China in the future will no longer be infected with hepatitis B virus. Second, we hope to achieve a clinical cure for hepatitis B. We consider this group of patients to be clinically cured if they are surface antigen negative, have or do not have surface antibodies, and have normal liver function and no progressive liver disease. Although less than 10% of patients are clinically cured according to the current treatment strategy, we still hope that the clinical cure rate can be improved by optimizing the treatment of existing drugs. At the same time, we hope that the development of new drugs and new targets will be accelerated, and that the entire national mechanism will ensure the rapid pace of brand new drug development. Third, it is hoped that cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B can be reversed, especially early cirrhosis. There is already some important evidence that patients with early cirrhosis can be reversed with long-term antiviral therapy, especially with the first-line drugs entecavir and tenofovir. Fourth, to improve the rate of early diagnosis of liver cancer. As a major hepatitis B country, China is also a country with a high incidence of liver cancer, with more than 300,000 people dying from liver cancer each year, and the early diagnosis rate is only about 20%. It is hoped that early diagnosis and early treatment of chronic liver disease will eventually reduce the incidence of liver cancer by about 50%. Emphasis: particularly important among the four dreams and new concepts are zero mother-to-child transmission and achieving a clinical cure.