1. Pilon fracture: firstly used by French radiologist Destot in 1911, Pilon in Latin means pestle and mortar. Since the distal tibia is similar to Pilon, the comminuted fracture involving the articular surface of the distal tibia is called Pilon fracture. 2.Maisonneuve fracture: In 1840, Maisonneuve, a French physician, emphasized the important role of external rotation in ankle fractures. Injury to the medial structures (medial ankle fracture or deltoid ligament injury) combined with a fracture of the proximal 1/3 of the fibula is called Maisonneuve fracture. 3.Pott fracture: 5~7.5 CM fracture of the proximal lateral ankle, accompanied by a tear of the deltoid ligament and lateral dislocation of the talus (or defined as: where severe trauma occurs with a triple ankle fracture, the ankle joint is completely destabilized and significantly dislocated) is referred to as a Pott fracture. 4. Dupuytren’s fracture: It was described by French doctor Dupuytren in 1819. This fracture is similar to Pott fracture. It is a 6 CM fracture of the proximal malleolus with an injury to the lower tibiofibular joint or an avulsion fracture of the medial malleolus or a tear of the deltoid ligament. It is actually an anterior-external rotation type III of the Lauge-Hansen classification. Tillaux fracture: In 1872, Tillaux firstly described the tibiofibular attachment avulsion fracture of anterior tibiofibular ligament (avulsion fracture of anterior tuberosity of fibular notch at the lower end of the tibia), which can also occur as an avulsion fracture of the fibular attachment, after the ankle joint was abducted and externally rotated.