Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a viral skin disease of children characterized by the occurrence of blisters on the hands, feet, and mouth. Etiology The disease is associated with coxsackieviruses A5, A7, A9, A10, A16, B3, B5, and enterovirus type 71, with A16 being the most common. The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus, which is weakly resistant to external influences. The virus is mainly transmitted through the fecal-oral route, but can also be transmitted through the respiratory tract by droplets. The virus can be isolated from herpes fluid, pharyngeal secretions and feces. Clinical manifestations The disease is usually seen in children under 5 years of age. The incubation period is 3-7 days, and the rash may be preceded by prodromal symptoms of varying degrees of low-grade fever, headache, and nausea. 1-3 days later, lesions appear on the hands, feet, and mouth, initially as a red rash that soon develops into a 2-4 mm sized blister with thin walls and clear fluid surrounded by a red halo. The lesions can occur on the hands, feet and mouth at the same time, but can also be incomplete, the oral cavity is most commonly involved, up to 90% or more. The duration of the disease is about 1 week, and recurrence is rare after healing. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis The diagnosis is based on the characteristic skin lesions occurring on the hands, feet and oral cavity, combined with epidemiology. The disease should be differentiated from erythema multiforme, herpetic pharyngitis, chickenpox, etc. Prevention and treatment Care should be taken to isolate and prevent the spread of the disease in kindergartens. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is the mainstay of this disease. Oral damage can be treated with topical oral ulcer coating or gargling with lidocaine solution to reduce pain. Banlangen flush is effective when taken internally.