Back pain after dry cough is not always lung cancer, but also seen in other diseases, such as pneumonia, pleurisy, back trauma and so on. 1. Lung cancer: when the cancer is close to the pleura of back and stimulates the pleura, it will cause irritating pain in the back, which can be aggravated when taking a deep breath, coughing or changing body position. 2. Pneumonia: Inflammation close to the back pleura may sometimes irritate the back pleura and cause back pain, which is aggravated when coughing. 3. Pleurisy: when pleural effusion occurs, especially exudative pleural effusion, after the pleural effusion is absorbed, fibrin may be left behind to be deposited in the pleural cavity, and fibrin mechanizes to form pleural adhesion, thickening, etc., which will cause back pain when breathing or coughing. 4. Back trauma: trauma leading to local soft tissue injury, rib fracture, lung contusion, etc. can also appear dry cough, back pain and discomfort and other symptoms. There may be other causes of dry cough and back pain, so it is recommended that patients seek medical attention in time to avoid delaying their condition.