I believe this is not the first time many people have heard of “surgery for type 2 diabetes”. Since the discovery in 1982 that bariatric surgery can be an effective treatment for diabetes, after more than 20 years of clinical research and observation, more and more clinical evidence confirms that bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obese type 2 diabetes. The world-renowned Cleveland Medical Center named surgery for diabetes as one of the “Top 10 Medical Innovations” in 2013, and again as one of the “Top 10 Medical Innovations of the Past Decade” in 2015. Currently, the main weight loss and metabolic surgeries used to treat diabetes include: 1. Sleeve gastrectomy By removing a portion of the stomach, the volume of the stomach is reduced, controlling the patient’s food intake, adjusting the microbiota in the intestinal tract, and down-regulating the secretion of leptin, which reduces the patient’s desire to eat. Ultimately, it reduces body weight, decreases insulin resistance, and normalizes blood glucose. 2. Gastric Bypass Surgery This type of surgery will modify the structure of the stomach, its mechanism is to control food intake while reducing the absorption of the small intestine, in addition to promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and other hormones. The latter stimulates the secretion and regeneration of pancreatic islets, thus making this surgical procedure more effective in improving type 2 diabetes. The therapeutic effect of diabetes surgery is simply that it improves blood glucose and metabolic disorders in the near term, reduces diabetes-related complications in the long term, maintains 80% of obese diabetic patients in a nondiabetic state after surgery, and reduces the chances of cardiovascular disease by one-third, which greatly reduces the mortality rate of cardiovascular disease and the risk of cardiovascular events. But the surgery is not for everyone, so what group of people is suitable for diabetes surgery? According to the “China Obesity and Diabetes Surgery Guidelines (2014)”, diabetic patients who meet the following conditions can receive surgical treatment: ① type 2 diabetes disease duration ≤ 15 years, and one to still have a certain insulin secretion function, fasting serum C-peptide ≥ 1/2 of the lower limit of the normal value; ② BMI (body mass index) ≥ 27.5kg/m2; ③ male waist circumference ≥ 90cm, female waist circumference ≥ 85cm, female waist circumference ≥ 90cm, male waist circumference ≥ 90cm, female waist circumference ≥ 85cm, male waist circumference ≥ 90cm, female waist circumference ≥ 85cm. When waist circumference is ≥90cm for men and ≥85cm for women, the recommended level of surgery can be increased as appropriate; ④ The recommended age for surgery is 16~65 years old.