Chest pain like pins and needles is considered to be the early stage of pleurisy, which is mostly secondary to the infection of lung tissues, and some patients have formed tuberculous pleurisy after being infected by tuberculosis bacilli. As the wall pleura is the range of somatic innervation, sensitive to pain stimulation, accurate localization, the patient will manifest as needle-like pain, or even knife-like pain, accompanied by coughing, coughing up sputum, coughing up blood, and even have a deep breathing restriction, chest CT examination can be a clear diagnosis. Pleurisy is also easily complicated by the formation of pleural effusion, and even chest tightness and dyspnea. Therefore, early diagnosis should be timely treatment, including anti-infection treatment or targeted anti-tuberculosis treatment. During the period of treatment, we should pay attention to increase diet and nutrition, appropriate respiratory exercise and exercise, also can enhance the lung function, regular review. Since some patients are suffering from immunocompromise or malnutrition, they should take the initiative to supplement with high-protein food.