The prevailing academic view is that small amounts of alcohol have no clear health benefits. Early reports did publicize that a small amount of alcohol could reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and even mortality, but this conclusion has not been confirmed by corresponding experimental studies. Alcohol has long been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen. Studies have shown that alcohol consumption is closely related to breast, liver, oral, stomach and pancreatic cancers. The recommendation of “moderate alcohol consumption by adults” was made to make it more acceptable and enforceable by the public. For those who need to drink or have the habit of drinking, “moderate drinking” is a kind of “second best” benign guidance. From the point of view of preventing cancer and cardiovascular disease, moderate drinking also carries a risk of chronic damage to health, and a more effective way of preventing it is to refrain from drinking.