HIV infection at age 50 affects life expectancy. AIDS patients with AIDS will develop various opportunistic infections during the AIDS period, and many of them will be accompanied by rare malignant tumors. Both opportunistic infections and rare malignant tumors can severely damage the patient’s organ function and cause death. Due to severe immune deficiency, AIDS patients are very prone to opportunistic infections, such as sporotrichosis pneumonia, fungal pneumonia, various bacterial or fungal enteritis, cryptococcal meningitis, etc. These infections are very difficult to treat, especially if they are associated with rare malignant tumors. These infections are very difficult to treat, especially the severe lung destruction that can cause chronic respiratory failure until death. AIDS patients are prone to malignant tumors due to immune surveillance dysfunction, with Kaposi’s sarcoma being the most common. Malignant lymphoma is also possible. Malignant tumors can greatly shorten the survival period of AIDS patients. Therefore, it is recommended that everyone should be clean and take care of their personal protection to avoid HIV infection. Patients who are suspected to be infected with the virus should go to a specialized infectious disease hospital for timely treatment.