Nowadays, more and more people are told that they have carotid artery stenosis after carotid ultrasound or MRI, and that carotid artery stenosis to a certain extent can lead to stroke. How can interventions be made? While medication is the basic treatment, surgical interventions should be actively pursued in people at high risk of stroke. Currently, there are two main procedures to deal with carotid stenosis: carotid endarterectomy and stent implantation. Recommendations are as follows: 1. For asymptomatic carotid stenosis, antiplatelet agents such as aspirin or statins are preferred. For symptomatic patients, when the degree of stenosis is less than 50%, active pharmacological interventions may be unnecessary for surgical treatment. 3.Carotid endarterectomy is recommended for patients with severe ipsilateral carotid stenosis (70%-99%) who have had a recent transient ischemic attack or a history of ischemic stroke in the last 6 months. 4. Patients with moderate ipsilateral carotid stenosis (50%-69%) with recent ischemic stroke or TIA may undergo carotid endarterectomy, but the decision to perform surgery should be made in consideration of the patient’s special circumstances such as age, gender, severity of complications and onset of symptoms. 5. For patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis (>70%), arterial stenting may be considered.