Hemolytic uremic syndrome cannot be cured, as the disease is accompanied by renal failure and causes great harm to the patient’s blood system and physical and mental health, usually cannot be completely cured. Hemolytic uremic syndrome is an acute intravascular hemolytic anemia with renal failure of unknown cause. The disease involves multiple systems and is mainly characterized by microangiopathic hemolysis, acute renal failure and thrombocytopenia. The disease may be associated with familial heredity, and may also be closely related to infections, immunodeficiency diseases, and medications. The cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome has not been completely clarified and it cannot be completely eradicated. It is mainly treated through early diagnosis, early treatment of water and electrolyte disorders, early control of hypertension, and early peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis in order to delay the progression of the disease. The prognosis of this disease is mainly determined by the severity of renal involvement. Individuals may die due to neurological damage, and those without prodromal symptoms, those with relapses, and those with familial tendency have a poorer prognosis. It is recommended that patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome seek medical attention in a timely manner and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized diagnosis and treatment in order to avoid delays.