For patients with stage IA and non-high-risk stage IB cancers, such as lung carcinoma in situ, early esophageal cancer and other cancers. For patients with the above staged cancers, chemotherapy is generally not the preferred treatment option. In addition, chemotherapy is not recommended for cancer patients with contraindications to chemotherapy. In actual clinical practice, there are some differences in the treatment modalities for various types of cancers, which are mainly based on the stage and type of cancer. For cancer patients in stage IA, or non-high-risk stage IB, such as early lung carcinoma in situ, early esophageal cancer, etc., surgical resection is preferred, and chemotherapy is generally not given. In addition, the therapeutic measures for cancer are mainly based on the CNNC guidelines as a reference, which indicate that for cancer patients with high-risk stage IB, if the tumor has enlarged more than 4 cm, or if the pleural organ lesion or the lymphatic nature can not be clarified, etc., adjuvant chemotherapy is required after surgery. Other highly malignant tumors, such as pancreatic cancer, neuroblastoma, and leukemia, are preferred for chemotherapeutic measures. However, any therapeutic measures need to be combined with the patient’s own situation, such as age and psychological quality. If there is any relevant doubt, it is recommended to consult a medical professional to avoid private judgment in choosing the treatment plan.