Safe injections (including needles for acupuncture) and strict adherence to Standard Precaution principles in hospital infection management. Haircutting, shaving, pedicure, piercing and tattooing instruments used in the service industry should also be strictly sterilized. Pay attention to personal hygiene and do not share supplies such as razors and dental tools with anyone. Du Lei, Ai Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Conduct proper sex education, and if the sexual partner is HBsAg positive, hepatitis B vaccination or condoms should be used; in cases where the health status of the sexual partner is unknown, condoms should always be used to prevent hepatitis B and other blood-borne or sexually transmitted diseases. For HBsAg-positive pregnant women, avoid amniocentesis and shorten the delivery time to ensure the integrity of the placenta and minimize the exposure of the newborn to maternal blood.