Long-acting interferon, with its dual role of antiviral and immunomodulation, is currently the first-line drug for clinical hepatitis B antiviral. Its efficacy characteristics include: 1, limited course of treatment; 2, the opportunity to obtain better efficacy results; 3, stable efficacy is not easy to relapse. Patients with chronic hepatitis B have a higher serologic conversion rate of e antigen, a higher clearance rate of surface antigen, and a lower incidence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma after a limited course of long-acting interferon therapy. Compared with nucleoside (acid) drug therapy, interferon not only has a direct antiviral effect, but more importantly, it realizes antiviral efficacy by stimulating the patient’s immune response, so the efficacy is stable, and it is not easy to recur after stopping the drug. Moreover, interferon is a limited course of treatment, compared with the long-term use of nucleoside (acid) drugs, there is no risk of drug resistance and to avoid the increasing burden of treatment. However, the efficacy of interferon may vary from patient to patient due to individual differences. Therefore, before, during and even after interferon therapy, doctors will recommend that patients undergo tests to find out whether they are suitable for interferon therapy on the one hand, and to observe how effective and how likely they are to be successful after receiving the treatment on the other hand. What are the tests? Glutamate aminotransferase (ALT) and viral quantification are the main observations before treatment. How is the efficacy of interferon therapy monitored? Patients with high ALT levels and low viral quantification have a higher chance of obtaining e-antigen seroconversion with interferon therapy. For interferon therapy, in addition to continue regular review of ALT, viral quantification, the key to surface antigen quantification test, the results of the study suggest that the treatment of 24 weeks of surface antigen quantification decreased significantly, 24 weeks after stopping the e antigen serological conversion rate is higher. Of course, the review found that 24 weeks of treatment is not good, do not be discouraged, according to the response to timely adjustment of the treatment program, for example, combined with nucleoside (acid) drug therapy can improve the efficacy. More specific review methods can refer to the following time points: Liver function, including glutamate aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin and so on. Monthly for the first 3 months of treatment and may be every 3 months thereafter. Viral quantification and hepatitis B markers. Viral quantification once a month for the first 3 months, and can be every 3-6 months thereafter. Hepatitis B pentameter, especially surface antigen quantification, every 3 to 6 months. In addition, some adverse reactions may occur after interferon treatment, such as neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, autoimmune disease, fever, malaise and so on. Targeted examination at the time of review can detect these adverse reactions as early as possible, give timely treatment, and guarantee the smooth progress of treatment. Review methods of interferon-related adverse reactions: Blood routine: test every 1~2 weeks in the first month of starting, and then every month until the end. Thyroid function, blood glucose, urine routine, antinuclear antibody: test every 3 months (if thyroid abnormality or diabetes mellitus before treatment, it should be tested once a month). Mental status, which should be closely observed at each follow-up visit. Interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis B is unanimously recommended by domestic and international guidelines, and can help patients achieve good results in terms of durable response after stopping the drug. Regular review in the treatment, to grasp the response to the treatment, to give accurate guidance to the treatment program; early detection and treatment of adverse reactions, to ensure the smooth progress of the treatment, which will help us to improve the success rate of interferon treatment.