Primary Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common degenerative disease of the nervous system, common in the elderly, with an average age of onset of about 60 years, and less common in young people with PD starting under the age of 40. The prevalence of PD in people over 65 years of age in China is about 1.7%. The main pathological change in primary Parkinson’s disease is the degenerative death of dopamine (DA)-ergic neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra, which leads to a significant decrease in striatal DA content and causes the disease. The exact etiology of this pathology is still unclear, and genetic factors, environmental factors, ageing, and oxidative stress may be involved in the degenerative death of dopaminergic neurons in PD. Parkinson’s syndrome includes primary Parkinson’s disease and secondary Parkinson’s disease, both of which have similar manifestations but different etiologies. In the early stages of the disease, it is not possible to distinguish the two, so for many early patients, the diagnosis given by the doctor is Parkinson’s syndrome, not primary Parkinson’s disease, and after a certain period of time, the diagnosis of primary Parkinson’s disease can be negotiated when the diagnosis is confirmed.