Swollen and painful gums can be very uncomfortable for children. Physical therapy, medication, and home care are generally available to help reduce the discomfort of swelling and pain. Applying a cold compress to the swollen area is an effective way to reduce gum swelling and pain. During the onset of swelling and pain, blood flow is accelerated and the local temperature increases. Through the transfer of temperature, cold compresses can effectively slow down the blood flow, reduce the local temperature, and reduce the accumulation of pain-causing substances in the area, thus reducing pain. Swollen and painful gums are often caused by infectious gum disease. The use of antibiotics that are effective against oral colonizing bacteria is also a treatment option. Anaerobic bacteria as well as gram-positive bacteria are predominant in the mouth, so the use of antibiotics that are effective in killing such bacteria can be helpful in resolving swollen and painful gums. In addition, analgesic medications are directly effective in relieving pain, and such medications can be used at your discretion. The use of warm salt water can help relieve pain. Generally speaking, the concentration of salt water should not be too high. The rinsing of salt water can help clean the mouth and reduce the number of bacteria, which is beneficial for pain relief. Usually, children need to pay attention to the toothbrush to choose a variety with fine and soft bristles during brushing. Avoid damage to the gums from toothbrushes that are too hard. Children with swollen and painful gums can choose a number of options to provide relief. However, in many cases it can only provide temporary relief, and if the swelling and pain persist, it is still necessary to seek treatment at a specialized oral health care facility.