In medical terms, wasting is a condition in which the body loses fat and protein at an excessive rate and the weight loss exceeds 20% of the normal standard, called wasting. Here refers to the wasting is a short-term progressive, there is weight loss before and after the weight value measured against, and there are obvious clothes become wider, the belt becomes loose, shoes become larger and subcutaneous fat reduction, muscle weakness, skin relaxation, bone protrusion and other circumstantial evidence. The causes of wasting are mainly the following: (1) Inadequate food intake (1) pediatric malnutrition, rickets, etc., is due to less food intake, lack of nutrients in the body, or pediatric paranoia or improper feeding caused by wasting. (2) Wasting caused by feeding or swallowing difficulties Commonly seen in oral ulcers, mandibular arthritis, osteomyelitis and esophageal tumors, etc. (3) Wasting caused by anorexia or loss of appetite Commonly caused by anorexia nervosa, chronic gastritis, hyperalgesia, acute and chronic infections, uremia and malignant tumors, etc. Unilateral leg pain without any causative factors is often mistaken for muscle pain and ignored. In fact, it is likely to indicate the formation of blood clots. Long-term laziness can cause slow blood flow, especially in those with a history of smoking, and blood cells are more likely to gather into clumps, leading to thrombosis. If left untreated, the pain will become more severe and cause swelling of the leg and difficulty in walking. Second, food digestion, absorption and utilization disorders are mostly seen in patients with wasting with loss of appetite, difficulty in eating or swallowing, acid reflux, abdominal distension, and long-term diarrhea. Common diseases are (1) chronic gastrointestinal diseases: common in gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic gastritis, gastrointestinal tumors, chronic colitis, chronic enteritis, intestinal tuberculosis and clonorchiasis, etc. (2) Chronic liver, biliary and pancreatic diseases: such as chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, chronic biliary tract infection, chronic pancreatitis, gallbladder and pancreatic tumors, etc. (3) chronic laxatives or drugs that stimulate the stomach and intestines. (3) Increased food needs or excessive consumption such as growth, development, pregnancy, lactation, overwork, hyperthyroidism, long-term fever, malignant tumors, trauma and after major surgery, etc. Fourth, endocrine and metabolic diseases Commonly seen in diabetes, etc. If it is an adult who is obviously wasting with excessive drinking, eating and urinating, or wasting with palpitations, excessive sweating, irritability, trembling hands, hyperphagia, and patients who are wasting with anorexia and obvious darkening of skin mucosa, the possibility of diabetes, hyperthyroidism and Addison’s disease should be considered. V. Tuberculosis The possibility of tuberculosis should be considered in young and middle-aged patients who are emaciated with prolonged fever. In addition, if a young female patient with symptoms such as wasting and anorexia, and no organic lesion exists by all aspects of examination, should consider whether it is caused by a psychiatric effect, without visiting a psychiatric department. Normal people will generally stabilize their weight within a certain range, regardless of fat or thin. But if a short period of unexplained wasting, and accompanied by loss of appetite, fatigue and weakness, by rest also can not recover, wasting is progressive, is pathological wasting, is the organic disease “warning signs”, especially the elderly body wasting should be extra sports. Recite often people think that “a thousand gold can not buy old to be thin”, in fact. This is a certain degree of relativity, old to thin is not all good. As opposed to hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity, cerebral thrombosis and diabetes and other major risk factors for age-related diseases, “old to be thin” can reduce the occurrence of these diseases to a certain extent. However, thinness can also bring hidden dangers to the middle-aged and elderly. Thin people have lower levels of hemoglobin, protein and cholesterol in their blood and are less resistant to disease. Because of the low subcutaneous fat and poor resistance to cold, thin people often feel weak and vulnerable to various infectious diseases. Generally speaking, the standard of wasting for middle-aged and elderly people should be no less than 10% of the standard body weight. Combined with the health condition of middle-aged and elderly people, it is better to be slightly fat. Especially for the elderly, due to the reduction of activity and the improvement of living standard, it is normal to be fat in old age, while wasting may be a sign of certain diseases. Cancer. Unexplained wasting may be a sign of cancer. Gastric cancer does not have special symptoms in the early stage, but progressive wasting is common, especially for elderly patients with gastric disease who have irregular pain with progressive wasting, they should be alerted to have gastric cancer. If elderly people have a change in stool characteristics and progressive weight loss, they should be alerted to colon cancer. Primary liver cancer has an insidious and slow onset, and the early symptoms are not clear. If the lymph nodes on the body surface are enlarged and accompanied by weight loss, be alert to lymphocytoma. In patients with chronic hepatitis, intractable dyspepsia and wasting should be alerted to liver cancer. Wasting is also often an early sign of hematopoietic malignancies such as leukemia, malignant lymphoma, malignant reticulocytoma, and multiple myeloma. Malignant tumors with progressive growth in the abdomen may also first manifest as progressive wasting. Diabetes mellitus. The signs of diabetes mellitus are weight loss with thirst, frequent urination, excessive urination and fatigue. The onset of diabetes is slow and the duration of the disease is long, with no obvious symptoms at the beginning. The complications of diabetes are many and can affect the eyes, heart, kidneys, blood vessels, nerves and other tissues and organs, so early detection and treatment is essential. Tuberculosis. Its important manifestation is wasting. The early symptoms of tuberculosis are not very obvious, except for frequent “colds”, wasting and low fever are also important symptoms. For this reason, people who have repeated “colds” that do not go away or whose cold-like symptoms persist for more than two weeks should be examined for tuberculosis. Hyperthyroidism. If weight loss is accompanied by fear of heat, fatigue, excessive food and hunger, excessive sweating, etc., the patient may have hyperthyroidism; the weight loss is progressive, the frequency of stool increases, panic and impatience appear, and some patients may show protruding eyes and thickening of the neck. Addison’s disease. Also known as chronic hypoadrenocorticism. Wasting is one of the important manifestations of this disease, and the more pronounced the wasting, the more serious the disease. Elderly patients with chronic bronchitis, emphysema and other respiratory diseases are predominantly among those with wasting.