The treatment of carotid atherosclerosis and plaque depends on the size of plaque and whether it causes luminal stenosis, which can be divided into general treatment, drug treatment and surgery: I. General treatment If the plaque is small and does not cause luminal stenosis, the growth of plaque can be controlled by changing bad habits of life and work, quitting smoking and drinking, light diet, and controlling the three highs, i.e. high blood pressure, high blood sugar and high blood lipid. 2.Medication 1.Lipid-lowering drugs: For larger plaques that do not cause luminal stenosis, oral lipid-lowering drugs can be taken, mainly statins in clinical practice, which can better control plaques and even reduce the size of plaques; 2.Anti-platelet drugs: For plaques that cause luminal stenosis less than 50%, on the basis of changing bad habits and oral lipid-lowering drugs, 1-2 kinds of anti-platelet drugs, such as aspirin, clopidogrel sulfate tablets, etc. At the same time, regular review is recommended, and carotid ultrasound screening is recommended at least 0.5-1 year to dynamically observe the plaque size. For larger plaques that cause more than 70% lumen stenosis and occlusion, oral medication alone cannot be controlled, so carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting should be performed, and the latter is mostly used for patients of advanced age and intolerant to open surgery. If the plaque does not cause 50% or even 70% stenosis of the lumen, but there are frequent symptoms of transient cerebral ischemia, or even symptoms of cerebral infarction, surgery is also performed. After surgery, 1-2 anti-platelet drugs should continue to be given, while close observation and regular review should be done to avoid recurrence of the disease and reappearance of carotid stenosis.