Carotid atherosclerosis is a specific clinical manifestation of circumferential atherosclerosis in the neck. Carotid atherosclerosis, like peripheral atherosclerosis, is a slowly developing process. However, carotid atherosclerotic plaques may be dislodged due to the violent impact of the blood flow in the neck. If the carotid atherosclerotic plaque is dislodged through the blood flow to the blood vessels in the brain, causing embolism of the blood vessels in the brain, it may form a cerebral infarction, forming hemiplegia or even endangering the life of the person. For mild carotid atherosclerosis, conservative treatment can be taken to lower blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar. The development of atherosclerosis is monitored regularly by taking oral antiplatelet drugs and lipid-lowering medications. For severe carotid atherosclerosis, where the stenosis rate exceeds 50% and there are obvious clinical symptoms, or the stenosis rate exceeds 70%, it is recommended to go to vascular surgery even if there are no symptoms, so that the doctor can decide whether surgical treatment is needed to solve the problem of atherosclerotic stenosis and avoid the emergence of atherosclerotic plaque causing dislodgement, which can affect the patient’s life expectancy.