Bladder cancer is one of the common tumors of the urinary system, with more male patients than female and most elderly patients, but also many young patients, with 40 to 70 years old being the high incidence age. Although its incidence rate has remained at the same level in recent years, the incidence rate of bladder cancer in cities is predicted to rise further due to environmental pollution. From the characteristics of bladder cancer, easy recurrence is one of its features, but if it is diagnosed and treated in time, its treatment effect is still satisfactory. Therefore, let’s pay attention to bladder cancer together to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
Bladder cancer is a very complicated disease, so we will explain it in two parts, today we will start with its causes, symptoms and examination to understand it!
What are the factors of bladder cancer? In terms of the factors of bladder cancer, the most common triggering factor is exposure to the chemical material benzo(a)pyrene, but this is not the main factor anymore. Some studies have confirmed that smoking is now a clearer risk factor associated with the development of bladder cancer, and since more men smoke than women, this is also a factor that more men suffer from bladder cancer than women. Hair dyes we use in our daily life are also one of the risk factors. Since there are many beauty lovers nowadays, there are few people who dye their hair, which may also induce the occurrence of bladder cancer. In addition, there is a certain relationship between environmental pollution and the occurrence of tumors, and the development of bladder cancer is also related to it, so it is also urgent to remedy environmental pollution.
Painless hematuria should be extra vigilant In fact, compared with other tumors, bladder cancer has an advantage that it is easier to be detected than other tumors because it can be connected to the outside of the body through urine, the main manifestation of which is hematuria, and generally patients still pay more attention to hematuria, so the proportion of early detection of bladder cancer is higher. However, it is worth reminding that some hematuria is clinically found to be transient, appearing only once very occasionally and then getting better afterwards. At this time, some patients will ignore it, thinking that one hematuria is not relevant and as long as it does not occur again, it means there is no big problem. However, this may not be the case, because when the tumor grows fast, the blood supply to the surface or the end of the tumor can not keep up, so it will be ischemic necrosis, in such a case it may show hematuria once in a while, and after that hematuria does not happen again. Therefore, it is reminded that even if the hematuria happens once in a while, it should be checked in the hospital as soon as possible. Moreover, the occurrence of hematuria in bladder cancer is often painless, so it is more important to be extra alert if there is painless hematuria.
Nowadays, medical checkups are also more common, so if you find occult blood in urine during the checkup, you should also be alert to the fact that it may be a sign of bladder cancer and need further examination and diagnosis.
In addition to painless hematuria as a manifestation of bladder cancer, urinary tract irritation may also be a manifestation. If patients have irritation when urinating, such as frequent and urgent urination and uncomfortable urination, although this manifestation is more likely to be a manifestation of urinary tract infection, especially urinary tract infection is a very common disease in women, we cannot completely ignore bladder cancer. Therefore, we remind you that if you have recurrent urinary tract irritation symptoms and the effect is not obvious after anti-inflammatory and antibacterial treatment, then you should also check whether bladder tumor is possible at this time. If it is indeed bladder cancer with symptoms of urinary tract irritation, its malignancy is even higher.
In conclusion, patients with hematuria, especially recurrent hematuria, should be alert. Especially, painless meatus hematuria is more dangerous. When a woman has two episodes of hematuria, she should pay attention to it and should not be confused by the illusion of urinary tract infection and should not be negligent. When men have hematuria once, it should be further investigated because men are less likely to develop urinary tract infections, so one hematuria is a red flag.
Necessary tests are indispensable Of course, some tests are necessary to confirm the diagnosis of bladder cancer, and the method of diagnosing bladder cancer should follow the principle of non-invasive first and invasive second. Once hematuria occurs, first of all, patients need to do urinalysis, which can exclude some other diseases such as urinary tract infection or urinary tract stones on one hand, and look at the indicators of tumor markers in urine on the other hand. show the location, size, and number of tumors. Finally, cystoscopy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Only pathological diagnosis can clarify whether it is bladder cancer or not, and the pathological diagnosis can also clarify the type of bladder cancer.
So who needs such a diagnosis?
The first category is patients with painless hematuria; the second category is patients with recurrent episodes of occult hematuria found in physical examination; the third category is patients with urinary tract irritation and still not well after antibacterial treatment; the fourth category is people with family history of bladder cancer, because bladder cancer has a certain genetic tendency.
So if there are such patients in the family, then it is relatively a high risk group of bladder cancer and needs to be alerted.