Tinea capitis is a fungal infection that occurs on the scalp and hair and is mainly transmitted by direct or indirect contact with a sick person or a sick animal. It can be seen at all ages and is more common in children. Depending on the type of fungus that causes the infection, the skin manifestations may vary, for example, Trichophyton rubrum may cause yellow ringworm, Microsporum canis and Microsporum plasterum may cause white ringworm, and Trichophyton purpureum and Trichophyton discoideum may cause black ringworm. If ringworm is not diagnosed and treated in time, it can cause different degrees of hair loss, short hair, or scalp scar formation, which is why it is called “bald sore”, “mange sore”, “white baldness”, and “tinea capitis” in Chinese medicine. “Hair ringworm”. Ringworm not only affects your image but can also infect others, so it should be treated promptly. Risk factors for contracting ringworm of the head 1) using haircutting utensils contaminated with fungi; 2) using pillows, pillowcases, and hats used by people with ringworm of the head; 3) contacting shared mats used for worship and kowtowing at temples; 4) gymnasts sharing contaminated gymnastic mats; 5) contacting pet dogs and cats with ringworm of the body. Characteristics of three common types of ringworm 1) Yellow ringworm: It starts as a pustule at the root of the hair and dries to form a dirty yellow scab with an upturned edge and a saucer-shaped central depression, with a wet red vesicular surface under the scab and a ratty odor. The lesions expand, fuse, and even spread all over the head. It is often accompanied by severe itching. Dark green fluorescence can occur on filtered ultraviolet light examination, and spore hyphae can be seen in the hair on direct microscopic examination, often leaving scars and permanent hair loss after healing. (2) Tinea alba: Initially, it is a white scaly patch with clear boundaries of different sizes, which gradually expands and can fuse with each other, and the hair at the lesion is dry and lusterless, easily broken and of uneven length, and the white mycelium is visible at its roots. There is no scar after healing. 3) Tinea nigra (tinea nigra): Initially, it is a small patch of white scaly spots, scattered distribution, and the hair at the lesion is broken along the skin surface in black dots. Chain-like spores within the hair are visible on direct microscopic examination. The course of the disease is chronic, and sometimes scars are formed due to destruction of hair follicles. Treatment of tinea capitis 1）Pulling out diseased hair: After the onset of the disease, the hair should be shaved first, and those who refuse to shave their hair should use tweezers to pull out the loose diseased hair before treatment, and the hair should be shaved (or pulled out of the diseased hair) once a week for 3 to 4 times in a row during treatment. (2) Washing the hair: you can use 30g of decoction of earthen rhubarb to get juice, add 60ml of rice vinegar and wash the hair, once a day. It can also be used to decoct water and juice with 15g of Bupleurum and 15g of Phellodendron, add 60ml of rice vinegar and wash the hair once a day. (3) Application of medicine: After washing the hair, compound salicylic acid benzoic acid ointment, sulfur paste, tincture of hibiscus, terbinafine cream, 1% biphenylbenzazole cream, cypionamide ointment, etc. can be applied to the diseased area once a day in the morning and once in the evening, and a small cloth cap should be worn to fix the medicine after application. (4) The hair of patients with tinea capitis should be burned off, and the haircutting tools, pillowcases, bed sheets, hats, etc. used should be boiled and disinfected to prevent repeated infection or infection of others. 5) For severe cases, oral medications such as itraconazole, terbinafine, fluconazole, etc. should be combined under the guidance of a doctor.