Many people have the experience of losing a lot of dandruff and have wondered if they have ringworm. Not necessarily, let’s take a look at what ringworm is. Tinea capitis is an infectious skin disease caused by a fungus that infects the hair and scalp. Different fungi cause different clinical manifestations. For example, infection by Trichophyton hirsutum causes ringworm yellow; infection by Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypsum-like can cause ringworm white; infection by Trichophyton purpureum and Trichophyton broken hair can cause ringworm black spot. Tinea capitis is mainly transmitted through direct or indirect contact with the patient or the affected animal, and is more likely to be transmitted when the haircut produces trauma; it can also be transmitted indirectly by sharing contaminated haircutting tools, hats, pillowcases, and other items. Tinea capitis is most often seen in children. Depending on the clinical manifestations, tinea capitis can be divided into four types: ringworm yellow, ringworm white, ringworm black, and ringworm pus. With the increase in pet ownership, the incidence of ringworm albicans and ringworm pustules has increased. 1. Ringworm yellow: The typical lesion is a yellowish scab the size of a soybean, with the periphery raised and the center tightly attached to the scalp, and a moist vesicular surface or shallow ulcer underneath the scab is removed. There are no obvious conscious symptoms or mild itching, and the lesions have a special ratty odor. 2. Tinea alba: The lesions appear as round or oval gray-white scaly patches surrounded by several similar lesions. The lesion breaks at about 0.5 mm from the scalp, and the stump is wrapped around a grayish-white sheath. This type does not destroy hair follicles, so it does not cause permanent baldness or scarring. 3. Tinea nigra: It is a grayish-white scaly patch that breaks off just after the hair emerges from the scalp, and the broken hair at the mouth of the follicle is in the shape of a black dot, so it is called tinea nigra. Since this type is an intra-hair type infection, focal hair loss and dotted scarring may remain after healing. 4. Impetigo: The lesions appear as inflammatory follicular papules fused into a raised lump with small pus-draining holes on the surface, and pus can be squeezed out. The hairs are loose and easy to pull out, which can destroy the hair follicles and often cause permanent baldness and scarring after healing. It is often accompanied by enlarged lymph nodes. Take medicine and apply medication These 10 words should be remembered for treatment: disinfect, cut hair, wash hair, apply medicine and take medication. It is best to shave all or part of the hair, and the shaved hair should be burned. Local ketoconazole shampoo can be applied to wash the hair, and topical antifungal preparations (such as naftifine ketoconazole cream, sertaconazole cream, terbinafine cream, boutinafine cream, etc.) can be applied topically, usually for 2 months continuously. Oral antifungal preparations (e.g., ashwagandha, terbinafine, itraconazole capsules, etc.) may be administered. Pustular fungus should not be cut open to drain the pus. Antibiotics may be added in case of secondary bacterial infection.