Whether the azotemia stage of polycystic kidney can be puncture surgery should be decided according to the patient’s condition. If there is more fluid in the vesicles and serious pressure symptoms, puncture surgery is needed; however, if there is pyelonephritis, cardiorespiratory insufficiency and so on, puncture surgery cannot be performed. Polycystic kidney is a chromosomal genetic disease, which is a genetic disease and cannot be cured by puncture surgery. However, if there is more fluid in the cystic vesicles, the renal parenchyma is compressed by the cystic fluid and there is compression damage to the renal tissues, in this case, puncture treatment can be performed, which can effectively reduce the size of polycystic kidneys. However, puncture is not applicable to all patients with polycystic kidneys, and if the patient is combined with pyelonephritis or cardiopulmonary insufficiency, puncture surgery is not allowed. Patients with polycystic kidney need to consult regular hospitals in time, decide whether to do puncture surgery under the guidance of doctors, and follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment.