What are the dangers of diabetes mellitus? (1) Diabetic eye disease There are seven common eye diseases complicated by diabetes: diabetic retinopathy, diabetic uveitis, diabetic cataract, diabetic optic nerve changes, diabetic retinal lipemia, diabetic glaucoma, and diabetic refractive changes. The most common of these is diabetic retinopathy, which is an important cause of blindness in diabetes and is the most harmful to diabetes, followed by diabetic cataract, which is also the most common comorbidity of diabetes that destroys vision. (2) Diabetic heart disease Diabetic heart disease, which refers to heart diseases that are complicated or accompanied by diabetes, mainly includes coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, cardiomyopathy and cardiac vegetative neuropathy associated with diabetes-induced large and small vessel lesions and vegetative neuropathy. With the widespread use of insulin and the continuous updating of antibiotics, the incidence and mortality of acute complications and infections in diabetes have been rapidly decreasing, while its chronic complications have increasingly become a major factor threatening the health and lives of patients, and the number of patients dying from diabetic heart disease is also increasing. China’s capital hospital 1958 ~ 1977 statistics, in the death of diabetic patients, death from coronary heart disease accounted for 22.9%, the United States joslin reported 53.3%, FraMinghan reported death from cardiovascular disease accounted for 80%. (3) Diabetic neuropathy Diabetic neuropathy is a general term for a variety of lesions that occur in the nervous system in diabetes. It covers the vegetative nervous system, the central nervous system, the motor nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and so on. Among them, diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common comorbidity of diabetes. (4) Diabetic nephropathy Diabetic nephropathy, one of the major complications of diabetes, is an extremely serious disease for diabetic patients. The lesions can involve the renal blood vessels, tubules and interstitium. The common kidney damages are diabetic glomerulosclerosis, small arteriosclerosis, pyelonephritis, renal papillary necrosis, and urinary protein. Among them, diabetic glomerulosclerosis is a renal complication specific to diabetes mellitus and is commonly referred to clinically as diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is an important cause of death in diabetic patients. Some statistics show that the incidence of diabetic nephropathy is 20% in middle-aged diabetic patients and up to 65% in elderly patients. (5) Diabetic foot (lipid end gangrene) There are two concepts of diabetic foot in the broad and narrow sense. The diabetic foot in the broad sense is a general term for abnormal changes in the lower limbs due to diabetic vascular and neuropathy. Diabetic terminal gangrene is a serious stage in the development of diabetic foot (in the broad sense). Diabetic peripheral vasculopathy is also included in the concept of diabetic foot in the broad sense. In contrast, the narrow sense diabetic foot is only the development of abnormal changes in the foot caused by diabetes mellitus, a diabetic peripheral vasculopathy. Diabetic acromegaly is a more serious pathological change than diabetic foot in the narrow sense and is also based on diabetic peripheral vasculopathy. Since the diabetic foot in the narrow sense has much in common with diabetic acromegaly, they are discussed together here. (6) Diabetic sexual dysfunction Most diabetic patients have sexual dysfunction such as impotence, premature, low libido, and menstrual disorders. Diabetic impotence is a more common complication, accounting for about 30%-50% of male diabetic patients, and the incidence increases with age. (7) Diabetes causes female vulva itching Diabetes causes female vulva itching, which affects the physical and mental health of the patient and brings inconvenience to life, work and study.