When an anal fistula forms after surgery for a perianal abscess, the fistula should be treated surgically as soon as possible. Surgery is determined by the complexity and location of the fistula. Common surgical methods are anal fistula incision, anal fistula resection, hanging line therapy and so on. 1. Anal fistula incision: applicable to the treatment of low anal fistula. Surgery open fistula, the use of granulation tissue to make the wound healing. Surgery to determine the location of the inner mouth, and the location of the fistula and anorectal ring. If the anal canal is below the ring, the sinus can be cut all the way through. If the fistula is above the ring, the fistula can not be cut all the way through the fistula, to take the hanging line therapy or staged surgery. 2. Fistula excision: for low anal fistula with hard wall. During the operation to determine the location of the mouth and the relationship between the fistula and the anorectal ring. From the outside to the inside of the fistula wall and the surrounding scar tissue together with excision. The wound can be partially sutured or completely open, after hemostasis, filled with povidone-iodine gauze or petroleum jelly gauze. 3. Hanging thread therapy: suitable for high anal fistula and the elderly with a history of anal surgery or sphincter dysfunction, as well as the fistula direction is not clear patients. The method of ligature hanging line slowly cut the wall of the tube, so that the ligature sphincter ischemic necrosis, so that the base of the wound gradually healing. This method is more satisfactory for the treatment of complex or high-grade anal fistula. For the formation of perianal fistula after surgery for perianal abscess patients, should be as soon as possible to the relevant departments of the regular hospital, by a professional physician for treatment, so as to avoid delaying the condition and adverse consequences.