Neonatal disease screening refers to the screening for certain serious risk congenital or inherited metabolic disorders during the neonatal period. The two main diseases screened are congenital hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria. In recent years, in order to reduce hearing defects, China has included newborn hearing screening in the newborn disease screening program. Among normal newborns, the incidence of bilateral hearing impairment is about 0.3%-0.6%, especially the incidence of hearing impairment caused by various neonatal disorders (such as prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, pneumonia, etc.) can be as high as 22.8%. During pregnancy, pregnant women infected with Mycobacterium abortus, toxoplasmosis (mainly from pigs, dogs and other pet infections), and other herpes viruses that lead to intrauterine infections, the use of certain ototoxic drugs, receiving radiation or microwave radiation (such as prolonged cell phone, playing computer, etc.); in addition to 35 years of age or older pregnant women, may lead to hearing impairment of newborns. Babies with normal hearing usually start to speak at 4-9 months. This is an important stage of language development. Early detection of hearing impairment plays a pivotal role in preventing deafness and language development. However, parental observation only detects about 50% of children with congenital hearing impairment; it is almost impossible to identify children with hearing impairment within the first year through routine physical examinations and parental identification. The only effective method for early detection of hearing impairment is newborn hearing screening. Newborn screening for disease is a relatively simple method. After the first three days of breastfeeding, the doctor will take 2-3 drops of blood from the heel of the baby on special filter paper, dry it and send it to the newborn disease screening center, where the relevant tests will be conducted by advanced instruments. Many newborns with congenital metabolic deficiency diseases look healthy and do not attract the attention of parents. However, hidden dangers such as mental retardation or delayed physical development of the brain are occurring, which can cause irreversible damage in a short time and lead to lifelong “dementia”. Only those whose initial screening reveals problems will be notified by the screening center to be rescreened. The vast majority of normal children have their information on file and parents are not notified, so “no news is good news.”