Patient: Description of condition (onset, main symptoms, hospital visited, etc.): 9 days old, hospitalized for pneumonia, then the doctor said there was a heart murmur. The right atrium and left atrium are slightly enlarged, with normal wall thickness and motility. The atrioventricular valve was open and movable, the mitral valve was slightly regurgitant, the tricuspid valve was mildly regurgitant, the regurgitant velocity was 2.3 cm wide, the regurgitant velocity was 2.18 m/s, the estimated RVSP=29 MMHG The atrial septal defect was 0.49 CM, with left-to-right shunt The septum was intact The left aortic arch, the arterial duct was not closed, the course was distorted, the descending aortic end was 0.12 CM, the visible segment was about 0.88 CM long, with left-to-right shunt. No pericardial effusion was seen. My baby is currently hospitalized for treatment of pneumonia, and no information has been done on the heart. Is my baby’s current condition serious, and is it likely to heal on its own? When is the best time to receive treatment? What should I pay attention to during the day? 1. Since the baby is only 9 days old, and the atrial defect is 4.9mm and the PDA is 1.2mm, there is a possibility of self-healing. The possibility of spontaneous healing of the arterial duct is higher. 2. The overall spontaneous closure rate of secondary foramen ovale type ASD is high. ASD with less than 3 mm before 3 months of age can be 100% spontaneously closed within 1.5 years of age, and more than 80% of defects between 3 and 8 mm can be spontaneously closed within 1.5 years of age, but those with defects above 8 mm can rarely be spontaneously closed. 3.In general, the baby’s condition is not very serious, but it needs to be reviewed regularly, for example, heart ultrasound after 3 months. 4.If the atrial defect has not healed spontaneously, it depends on the changes of the child’s heart ultrasound. If there is a tendency of enlargement of the right ventricle, which indicates a large fractional flow, early surgery is needed. Usually after 2 years old. 5.Interventional treatment can be considered. If it is not suitable, surgery will be considered. Patient: Is my baby’s condition likely to lead to pneumonia and colds? Will the child be able to participate in strenuous activities after future treatment and will there be any sequelae? If the condition is severe at three months, can intervention be performed at such a young age? How can I prevent the condition from getting worse? What should I pay attention to in my daily life? Thank you again, Dr. Gu! P.S. I went to the hospital because I was rubbing medicine on my baby’s belly button, and the doctor found that my baby’s lips were a little purple. Is this a more serious situation? Is cyanosis more serious than non-cyanosis? I don’t know anything about cyanosis. Thank you again, Dr. Gu, and good luck with your life and work! As you said, children with ductus arteriosus and atrial defect are prone to catch cold and pneumonia because of the relatively large amount of blood infusion into the lungs. 2, can participate in strenuous activities, depending on the development of the child, according to experience, this condition, if there is no pulmonary hypertension, even without surgical treatment, you can participate in sports activities. After surgery, of course, there will be no sequelae. If there is no surgery, the main thing is to pay attention to the presence of pulmonary hypertension (cardiac ultrasound can suggest). 3, the child is so small that it is not suitable for intervention. It is better to be over 6 months old and over 4kg in weight for arteriovenous insufficiency; it is better to be over 2 years old for atrial insufficiency. 4.There is no special method to prevent exacerbation, because it is congenital, and as long as there is left-to-right shunt, it continues to have an impact on the heart and lungs. 5.The main thing is to prevent cold and flu, and just feed well. According to the ultrasound report of the baby’s heart, there is no pulmonary hypertension, and the atrial defect and ductus arteriosus are both left-to-right shunts, so it will not cause cyanosis. If cyanosis occurs, it means the combination of severe pulmonary hypertension, which leads to right-to-left shunt. 7. It is difficult to judge cyanosis when the baby is small, you look at the purple lips of the mouth, it is not necessarily cyanosis, we suggest to find an experienced pediatric professor. We all apply the instrument for measuring oxygen saturation at the fingertips and clip it on the baby’s fingers or toes, it can show, whether it is hypoxia and cyanosis.