Since the beginning of the surgical treatment of preterm infants with ductus arteriosus in 2008, the Children’s Heart Center has continued to improve its business ability and challenge new heights with the aim of doing everything for the children, and has accumulated rich experience in the process of treatment. On September 21, 2010, our Children’s Heart Center successfully performed a bedside arterial catheterization procedure on a child weighing only 750 g. Because the child was so small, all the organs of the child were immature after birth, and the continued effects of the ductus arteriosus caused great difficulties for the internist, the respiratory system of the child suffered a great load since birth. After the operation, the child’s distress symptoms improved significantly and the pneumonia symptoms were well controlled. During the subsequent treatment, we learned that the mother of the child was already an advanced maternal age and had a history of habitual miscarriage before the pregnancy, so this 28-week preterm baby was the only hope for the parents. The success of this case is not only a success in the field of surgery, but also a success for the family. Traditionally, most physicians still believe that ductus arteriosus is a normal physiological condition in newborns, and that the ductus arteriosus can heal spontaneously in the early postnatal period, and even if it does not heal spontaneously, medication can facilitate the closure of the ductus arteriosus. This concept may be true for most full-term newborns, but if the treatment is not tailored to the specific situation of the child, the child’s life may be lost. In China, there are differences in the understanding of the treatment of ductus arteriosus due to differences in the level of medical care. At this stage, most physicians still strongly advocate conservative medical treatment for critically ill children with combined ductus arteriosus, and generally consider unclosed ductus arteriosus to be a category of disease that does not require special treatment, but in the course of actual treatment at our center, we have found that untimely treatment of children with respiratory insufficiency combined with unclosed ductus arteriosus can lead to serious adverse consequences. Considering the continuous shunting of the ductus arteriosus, the child develops severe congestive heart failure and respiratory failure in the early postnatal period. If the treatment is delayed, it will lead to imbalance of the air-blood ratio in the lungs and pulmonary congestion, thus causing dyspnea, shortness of breath, and even clinical symptoms of respiratory distress, which may directly lead to respiratory failure in severe cases. As for the circulation, the large number of shunts from the arterial catheter causes insufficient perfusion of the systemic organs, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms such as oliguria due to renal insufficiency, severe pathological jaundice due to liver insufficiency, and cerebral atrophy due to insufficient blood supply to the brain. Our experience in treating preterm infants with unclosed ductus arteriosus shows that early surgical intervention to close the ductus arteriosus is a proven method to promote recovery in those special cases with combined respiratory and circulatory failure. Although surgical treatment is invasive and carries the risk of intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative observations have shown that children with early treatment of the arterial catheter can be withdrawn from ventilator-assisted therapy early after surgery and can improve the outcome of subsequent medical treatment, resulting in significant improvement in both the respiratory and circulatory systems of the child. In conclusion, surgical risks are an inevitable part of surgical treatment, but in comparison we still maintain that surgical treatment is extremely rewarding. In all the arterial catheter ligation procedures performed in our cardiac surgery department, there has been no intraoperative death in any of the children, and the success rate of the procedure is 100%. This is an honor for our heart center and an even greater guarantee of safety for the children who undergo the procedure. We do all this for one purpose: to save the children who suffer from heart disease and give them a beautiful tomorrow.