Contracture refers to the long-term spasticity of muscles or joints or a specific position, resulting in muscle atrophy, joint deformation and immobilization, which in turn causes dysfunction and local pain. Due to the etiology of the disease, contracture is more common in the elderly, and often occurs in the limbs and nearby joints, which is an important reason affecting the recovery of the disease and lowering the quality of life of the elderly. 1.Muscle spasm and atrophy: intermittent or continuous involuntary contraction of muscles or muscle groups, resulting in proliferation of collagen fibers in intermuscular connective tissues; restriction of muscle activity, so that the muscles are in a passive shortening or fixed in a spasmodic shortening position; coupled with poor circulation of the limb and decreased mobility, resulting in muscle disuse and dystrophic atrophy. Because the extensor muscle of the lower limb is dominant, so when the lower limb is contracted, the limb is in the state of extension; on the contrary, when the upper limb is contracted, it is in the state of flexion. 2.Deformation and fixation of joints: As the patient puts the limbs in the most comfortable position or cannot move independently, coupled with the pulling of spastic muscles, it causes fibrosis of ligaments around the joints, proliferation of connective tissue collagen fibers, destruction of soft tissue structure, and bone bridges in the joint space, which ultimately leads to the muscular contracture of the joints, deformation and fixation of the joints and the narrowing of joint mobility (ROM). 3, awkward spasmodic movement or less movement: due to muscle contracture and joint deformation and fixation, limb mobility is reduced, movement is reduced or only simple movement and awkward spasmodic movement. At the same time, due to the disease itself or the influence of psychological factors, elderly patients are often reluctant to move the affected limbs, and even refused to passive movement and slow down the recovery process. 4, limb pain: primary disease and contracture can cause limb pain or contracture, increasing the patient’s pain, making the patient more reluctant to move the affected limb and affecting the recovery of its function. Early active or passive movement and appropriate functional exercise, put the joints, limbs in a certain position and change the position in a timely manner; the application of drugs, physiotherapy or joint traction and other measures to reduce the body pain; these methods are important measures to prevent the occurrence of contracture. Generally speaking, as long as the indications are properly mastered, early exercise therapy will have no effect on the primary disease.