Muscle pain and neuralgia of muscles are two different concepts with different etiologies and different treatments. Muscle neuralgia is seen in cases of spontaneous neuralgia, neuritis, and nerve compression and injury. Treatment of neuralgia starts with treating the primary disease, such as releasing nerve compression and taking oral mecobalamin, vitamin B1, and vitamin B12 to nourish the nerves. The main effective drugs for the treatment of neuralgia are gabapentin, carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine, which have good effect on the treatment of neuralgia. Muscle pain is seen in rheumatic diseases, muscle inflammation, drug-related muscle damage, etc. For example, oral statin lipid-lowering drugs can appear to cause muscle pain due to muscle damage. Excessive fatigue can also muscle pain, such as excessive walking running, repeated squatting, etc. The main drugs used to treat muscle pain are anti-inflammatory and painkillers, such as ibuprofen extended-release capsules, paracetamol, and compound cloxazolazone.