High squamous epithelial cells indicate the possible presence of cervicitis or cervical intraepithelial lesions. Normally, the cells in a woman’s cervix are columnar epithelial cells, and when stimulated by cervical inflammation, the squamous epithelium may proliferate to cover the columnar epithelium of the cervix, resulting in high squamous epithelial cells on cervical cytology. High squamous epithelial cells can also be seen in women with persistent HPV (human papillomavirus) infection or when other factors cause lesions to develop within the cervical epithelium. It is often necessary to combine HPV testing with colposcopy and cervical biopsy if necessary to clarify the squamous epithelial cells and rule out precancerous cervical lesions. It is recommended to seek timely medical treatment and standardize diagnosis and treatment to avoid delaying the condition.