ADHD, known as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is the most common childhood mental behavior disorder and is a chronic, lifelong condition that seriously affects a child’s academic development and career success. Authoritative survey results show that the prevalence of ADHD among school-age children in China is 4.31%-5.83%, with an estimated 14.61 million-19.79 million children affected nationwide, of whom about 65% have symptoms that persist into adulthood and become at high risk for antisocial personality disorder, criminal behavior and alcohol and narcotic abuse. Professor Zheng Yi, director of child psychiatry at Beijing An Ding Hospital, points out that in society, people tend to focus more on schizophrenia, and specialty hospitals spend most of their energy and financial resources on schizophrenia treatment and research, when in fact the prevalence and dangers of ADHD in children are far higher than those of schizophrenia. ADHD in children not only affects school and career and causes juvenile delinquency, but also causes a high incidence of mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. The misconceptions of parents and teachers about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the lack of diagnosis and treatment pose a great obstacle to effectively control the rising trend of ADHD in children. On the other hand, the current lack of standardization in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in China has also become a major obstacle to the effectiveness of the treatment of this disorder. In the field of ADHD treatment, medication, behavioral therapy and psychosocial therapy are currently used, with medication being the first choice. Central nervous system stimulants are widely used, but because of the potential risk of drug dependence, they are strictly controlled by the state, commonly referred to as “red prescription”. The compliance with these drugs is poor, and the number of doses and tolerability are not satisfactory to parents. At present, a non-central nervous system stimulant has been marketed in China, which has good compliance and does not cause drug dependence compared with traditional central stimulants, without red prescription.